The hierarchical sparse selection model of visual crowding
Because the environment is cluttered, objects rarely appear in isolation. The visual system must therefore attentionally select behaviorally relevant objects from among many irrelevant ones. A limit on our ability to select individual objects is revealed by the phenomenon of visual crowding: an obje...
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
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Frontiers Research Foundation
2014
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92494 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-2084 |
| _version_ | 1826191288578342912 |
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| author | Chaney, Wesley Whitney, David Fischer, Jason T. |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Chaney, Wesley Whitney, David Fischer, Jason T. |
| author_sort | Chaney, Wesley |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Because the environment is cluttered, objects rarely appear in isolation. The visual system must therefore attentionally select behaviorally relevant objects from among many irrelevant ones. A limit on our ability to select individual objects is revealed by the phenomenon of visual crowding: an object seen in the periphery, easily recognized in isolation, can become impossible to identify when surrounded by other, similar objects. The neural basis of crowding is hotly debated: while prevailing theories hold that crowded information is irrecoverable – destroyed due to over-integration in early stage visual processing – recent evidence demonstrates otherwise. Crowding can occur between high-level, configural object representations, and crowded objects can contribute with high precision to judgments about the “gist” of a group of objects, even when they are individually unrecognizable. While existing models can account for the basic diagnostic criteria of crowding (e.g., specific critical spacing, spatial anisotropies, and temporal tuning), no present model explains how crowding can operate simultaneously at multiple levels in the visual processing hierarchy, including at the level of whole objects. Here, we present a new model of visual crowding—the hierarchical sparse selection (HSS) model, which accounts for object-level crowding, as well as a number of puzzling findings in the recent literature. Counter to existing theories, we posit that crowding occurs not due to degraded visual representations in the brain, but due to impoverished sampling of visual representations for the sake of perception. The HSS model unifies findings from a disparate array of visual crowding studies and makes testable predictions about how information in crowded scenes can be accessed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:53:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/92494 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:53:32Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Frontiers Research Foundation |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/924942022-09-26T08:58:39Z The hierarchical sparse selection model of visual crowding Chaney, Wesley Whitney, David Fischer, Jason T. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT Fischer, Jason T. Because the environment is cluttered, objects rarely appear in isolation. The visual system must therefore attentionally select behaviorally relevant objects from among many irrelevant ones. A limit on our ability to select individual objects is revealed by the phenomenon of visual crowding: an object seen in the periphery, easily recognized in isolation, can become impossible to identify when surrounded by other, similar objects. The neural basis of crowding is hotly debated: while prevailing theories hold that crowded information is irrecoverable – destroyed due to over-integration in early stage visual processing – recent evidence demonstrates otherwise. Crowding can occur between high-level, configural object representations, and crowded objects can contribute with high precision to judgments about the “gist” of a group of objects, even when they are individually unrecognizable. While existing models can account for the basic diagnostic criteria of crowding (e.g., specific critical spacing, spatial anisotropies, and temporal tuning), no present model explains how crowding can operate simultaneously at multiple levels in the visual processing hierarchy, including at the level of whole objects. Here, we present a new model of visual crowding—the hierarchical sparse selection (HSS) model, which accounts for object-level crowding, as well as a number of puzzling findings in the recent literature. Counter to existing theories, we posit that crowding occurs not due to degraded visual representations in the brain, but due to impoverished sampling of visual representations for the sake of perception. The HSS model unifies findings from a disparate array of visual crowding studies and makes testable predictions about how information in crowded scenes can be accessed. 2014-12-23T23:06:53Z 2014-12-23T23:06:53Z 2014-09 2013-10 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1662-5145 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92494 Chaney, Wesley, Jason Fischer, and David Whitney. “The Hierarchical Sparse Selection Model of Visual Crowding.” Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience 8 (September 25, 2014). https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-2084 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2014.00073 Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience Creative Commons Attribution http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Frontiers Research Foundation Frontiers Research Foundation |
| spellingShingle | Chaney, Wesley Whitney, David Fischer, Jason T. The hierarchical sparse selection model of visual crowding |
| title | The hierarchical sparse selection model of visual crowding |
| title_full | The hierarchical sparse selection model of visual crowding |
| title_fullStr | The hierarchical sparse selection model of visual crowding |
| title_full_unstemmed | The hierarchical sparse selection model of visual crowding |
| title_short | The hierarchical sparse selection model of visual crowding |
| title_sort | hierarchical sparse selection model of visual crowding |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92494 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-2084 |
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