A STUDY OF THE DIVERSE T DWARF POPULATION REVEALED BY WISE
We report the discovery of 87 new T dwarfs uncovered with the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and 3 brown dwarfs with extremely red near-infrared colors that exhibit characteristics of both L and T dwarfs. Two of the new T dwarfs are likely binaries with L7 ± 1 primaries and mid-type T se...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
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IOP Publishing
2015
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93743 |
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| author | Mace, Gregory N. Davy Kirkpatrick, J. Cushing, Michael C. Gelino, Christopher R. Griffith, Roger L. Skrutskie, Michael F. Marsh, Kenneth A. Wright, Edward L. Eisenhardt, P. R. McLean, Ian S. Thompson, Maggie A. Mix, Katholeen Bailey, Vanessa Beichman, Charles A. Bloom, Joshua S. Burgasser, Adam J. Fortney, Jonathan J. Hinz, Philip M. Knox, Russell P. Lowrance, Patrick J. Marley, Mark S. Morley, Caroline V. Rodigas, Timothy J. Saumon, Didier Sheppard, Scott S. Stock, Nathan D. |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Mace, Gregory N. Davy Kirkpatrick, J. Cushing, Michael C. Gelino, Christopher R. Griffith, Roger L. Skrutskie, Michael F. Marsh, Kenneth A. Wright, Edward L. Eisenhardt, P. R. McLean, Ian S. Thompson, Maggie A. Mix, Katholeen Bailey, Vanessa Beichman, Charles A. Bloom, Joshua S. Burgasser, Adam J. Fortney, Jonathan J. Hinz, Philip M. Knox, Russell P. Lowrance, Patrick J. Marley, Mark S. Morley, Caroline V. Rodigas, Timothy J. Saumon, Didier Sheppard, Scott S. Stock, Nathan D. |
| author_sort | Mace, Gregory N. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | We report the discovery of 87 new T dwarfs uncovered with the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and 3 brown dwarfs with extremely red near-infrared colors that exhibit characteristics of both L and T dwarfs. Two of the new T dwarfs are likely binaries with L7 ± 1 primaries and mid-type T secondaries. In addition, our follow-up program has confirmed 10 previously identified T dwarfs and 4 photometrically selected L and T dwarf candidates in the literature. This sample, along with the previous WISE discoveries, triples the number of known brown dwarfs with spectral types later than T5. Using the WISE All-Sky Source Catalog we present updated color-color and color-type diagrams for all the WISE-discovered T and Y dwarfs. Near-infrared spectra of the new discoveries are presented along with spectral classifications. To accommodate later T dwarfs we have modified the integrated flux method of determining spectral indices to instead use the median flux. Furthermore, a newly defined J-narrow index differentiates the early-type Y dwarfs from late-type T dwarfs based on the J-band continuum slope. The K/J indices for this expanded sample show that 32% of late-type T dwarfs have suppressed K-band flux and are blue relative to the spectral standards, while only 11% are redder than the standards. Comparison of the Y/J and K/J index to models suggests diverse atmospheric conditions and supports the possible re-emergence of clouds after the L/T transition. We also discuss peculiar brown dwarfs and candidates that were found not to be substellar, including two young stellar objects and two active galactic nuclei. The substantial increase in the number of known late-type T dwarfs provides a population that will be used to test models of cold atmospheres and star formation. The coolest WISE-discovered brown dwarfs are the closest of their type and will remain the only sample of their kind for many years to come. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:20:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/93743 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:20:17Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/937432022-09-28T01:03:04Z A STUDY OF THE DIVERSE T DWARF POPULATION REVEALED BY WISE Mace, Gregory N. Davy Kirkpatrick, J. Cushing, Michael C. Gelino, Christopher R. Griffith, Roger L. Skrutskie, Michael F. Marsh, Kenneth A. Wright, Edward L. Eisenhardt, P. R. McLean, Ian S. Thompson, Maggie A. Mix, Katholeen Bailey, Vanessa Beichman, Charles A. Bloom, Joshua S. Burgasser, Adam J. Fortney, Jonathan J. Hinz, Philip M. Knox, Russell P. Lowrance, Patrick J. Marley, Mark S. Morley, Caroline V. Rodigas, Timothy J. Saumon, Didier Sheppard, Scott S. Stock, Nathan D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Burgasser, Adam J. We report the discovery of 87 new T dwarfs uncovered with the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and 3 brown dwarfs with extremely red near-infrared colors that exhibit characteristics of both L and T dwarfs. Two of the new T dwarfs are likely binaries with L7 ± 1 primaries and mid-type T secondaries. In addition, our follow-up program has confirmed 10 previously identified T dwarfs and 4 photometrically selected L and T dwarf candidates in the literature. This sample, along with the previous WISE discoveries, triples the number of known brown dwarfs with spectral types later than T5. Using the WISE All-Sky Source Catalog we present updated color-color and color-type diagrams for all the WISE-discovered T and Y dwarfs. Near-infrared spectra of the new discoveries are presented along with spectral classifications. To accommodate later T dwarfs we have modified the integrated flux method of determining spectral indices to instead use the median flux. Furthermore, a newly defined J-narrow index differentiates the early-type Y dwarfs from late-type T dwarfs based on the J-band continuum slope. The K/J indices for this expanded sample show that 32% of late-type T dwarfs have suppressed K-band flux and are blue relative to the spectral standards, while only 11% are redder than the standards. Comparison of the Y/J and K/J index to models suggests diverse atmospheric conditions and supports the possible re-emergence of clouds after the L/T transition. We also discuss peculiar brown dwarfs and candidates that were found not to be substellar, including two young stellar objects and two active galactic nuclei. The substantial increase in the number of known late-type T dwarfs provides a population that will be used to test models of cold atmospheres and star formation. The coolest WISE-discovered brown dwarfs are the closest of their type and will remain the only sample of their kind for many years to come. 2015-02-03T18:59:50Z 2015-02-03T18:59:50Z 2013-02 2012-11 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 0067-0049 1538-4365 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93743 Mace, Gregory N., J. Davy Kirkpatrick, Michael C. Cushing, Christopher R. Gelino, Roger L. Griffith, Michael F. Skrutskie, Kenneth A. Marsh, et al. “A STUDY OF THE DIVERSE T DWARF POPULATION REVEALED BY WISE.” The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 205, no. 1 (February 25, 2013): 6. © 2013 The American Astronomical Society en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/205/1/6 The Astrophysical Journal. Supplement Series Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf IOP Publishing American Astronomical Society |
| spellingShingle | Mace, Gregory N. Davy Kirkpatrick, J. Cushing, Michael C. Gelino, Christopher R. Griffith, Roger L. Skrutskie, Michael F. Marsh, Kenneth A. Wright, Edward L. Eisenhardt, P. R. McLean, Ian S. Thompson, Maggie A. Mix, Katholeen Bailey, Vanessa Beichman, Charles A. Bloom, Joshua S. Burgasser, Adam J. Fortney, Jonathan J. Hinz, Philip M. Knox, Russell P. Lowrance, Patrick J. Marley, Mark S. Morley, Caroline V. Rodigas, Timothy J. Saumon, Didier Sheppard, Scott S. Stock, Nathan D. A STUDY OF THE DIVERSE T DWARF POPULATION REVEALED BY WISE |
| title | A STUDY OF THE DIVERSE T DWARF POPULATION REVEALED BY WISE |
| title_full | A STUDY OF THE DIVERSE T DWARF POPULATION REVEALED BY WISE |
| title_fullStr | A STUDY OF THE DIVERSE T DWARF POPULATION REVEALED BY WISE |
| title_full_unstemmed | A STUDY OF THE DIVERSE T DWARF POPULATION REVEALED BY WISE |
| title_short | A STUDY OF THE DIVERSE T DWARF POPULATION REVEALED BY WISE |
| title_sort | study of the diverse t dwarf population revealed by wise |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93743 |
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