A CHANDRA /HETGS CENSUS OF X-RAY VARIABILITY FROM Sgr A* DURING 2012
We present the first systematic analysis of the X-ray variability of Sgr A* during the Chandra X-ray Observatory's 2012 Sgr A* X-ray Visionary Project. With 38 High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer observations spaced an average of 7 days apart, this unprecedented campaign enables detai...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2015
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93746 |
| _version_ | 1826194379514052608 |
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| author | Gammie, C. Dexter, J. Markoff, Sera B. Haggard, D. Nayakshin, S. Wang, Q. D. Grosso, N. Porquet, D. Tomsick, J. A. Degenaar, N. Fragile, P. C. Wijnands, R. Miller, J. M. Baganoff, Frederick K. Neilsen, Joseph M. G. Nowak, Michael A. Houck, John C. |
| author2 | MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research |
| author_facet | MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Gammie, C. Dexter, J. Markoff, Sera B. Haggard, D. Nayakshin, S. Wang, Q. D. Grosso, N. Porquet, D. Tomsick, J. A. Degenaar, N. Fragile, P. C. Wijnands, R. Miller, J. M. Baganoff, Frederick K. Neilsen, Joseph M. G. Nowak, Michael A. Houck, John C. |
| author_sort | Gammie, C. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | We present the first systematic analysis of the X-ray variability of Sgr A* during the Chandra X-ray Observatory's 2012 Sgr A* X-ray Visionary Project. With 38 High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer observations spaced an average of 7 days apart, this unprecedented campaign enables detailed study of the X-ray emission from this supermassive black hole at high spatial, spectral and timing resolution. In 3 Ms of observations, we detect 39 X-ray flares from Sgr A*, lasting from a few hundred seconds to approximately 8 ks, and ranging in 2-10 keV luminosity from ~10[superscript 34] erg s[superscript –1] to 2 × 10[superscript 35] erg s[superscript –1]. Despite tentative evidence for a gap in the distribution of flare peak count rates, there is no evidence for X-ray color differences between faint and bright flares. Our preliminary X-ray flare luminosity distribution dN/dL is consistent with a power law with index -1.9[+0.3 over -0.4]; this is similar to some estimates of Sgr A*'s near-IR flux distribution. The observed flares contribute one-third of the total X-ray output of Sgr A* during the campaign, and as much as 10% of the quiescent X-ray emission could be comprised of weak, undetected flares, which may also contribute high-frequency variability. We argue that flares may be the only source of X-ray emission from the inner accretion flow. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T09:55:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/93746 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T09:55:04Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/937462022-09-26T14:34:08Z A CHANDRA /HETGS CENSUS OF X-RAY VARIABILITY FROM Sgr A* DURING 2012 Gammie, C. Dexter, J. Markoff, Sera B. Haggard, D. Nayakshin, S. Wang, Q. D. Grosso, N. Porquet, D. Tomsick, J. A. Degenaar, N. Fragile, P. C. Wijnands, R. Miller, J. M. Baganoff, Frederick K. Neilsen, Joseph M. G. Nowak, Michael A. Houck, John C. MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Neilsen, Joseph M. G. Nowak, Michael A. Houck, John C. We present the first systematic analysis of the X-ray variability of Sgr A* during the Chandra X-ray Observatory's 2012 Sgr A* X-ray Visionary Project. With 38 High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer observations spaced an average of 7 days apart, this unprecedented campaign enables detailed study of the X-ray emission from this supermassive black hole at high spatial, spectral and timing resolution. In 3 Ms of observations, we detect 39 X-ray flares from Sgr A*, lasting from a few hundred seconds to approximately 8 ks, and ranging in 2-10 keV luminosity from ~10[superscript 34] erg s[superscript –1] to 2 × 10[superscript 35] erg s[superscript –1]. Despite tentative evidence for a gap in the distribution of flare peak count rates, there is no evidence for X-ray color differences between faint and bright flares. Our preliminary X-ray flare luminosity distribution dN/dL is consistent with a power law with index -1.9[+0.3 over -0.4]; this is similar to some estimates of Sgr A*'s near-IR flux distribution. The observed flares contribute one-third of the total X-ray output of Sgr A* during the campaign, and as much as 10% of the quiescent X-ray emission could be comprised of weak, undetected flares, which may also contribute high-frequency variability. We argue that flares may be the only source of X-ray emission from the inner accretion flow. United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship Grant PF2-130097) 2015-02-03T19:46:51Z 2015-02-03T19:46:51Z 2013-08 2013-05 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 0004-637X 1538-4357 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93746 Neilsen, J., M. A. Nowak, C. Gammie, J. Dexter, S. Markoff, D. Haggard, S. Nayakshin, et al. “A CHANDRA /HETGS CENSUS OF X-RAY VARIABILITY FROM Sgr A* DURING 2012.” The Astrophysical Journal 774, no. 1 (August 14, 2013): 42. © 2013 The American Astronomical Society en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/774/1/42 The Astrophysical Journal Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf IOP Publishing American Astronomical Society |
| spellingShingle | Gammie, C. Dexter, J. Markoff, Sera B. Haggard, D. Nayakshin, S. Wang, Q. D. Grosso, N. Porquet, D. Tomsick, J. A. Degenaar, N. Fragile, P. C. Wijnands, R. Miller, J. M. Baganoff, Frederick K. Neilsen, Joseph M. G. Nowak, Michael A. Houck, John C. A CHANDRA /HETGS CENSUS OF X-RAY VARIABILITY FROM Sgr A* DURING 2012 |
| title | A CHANDRA /HETGS CENSUS OF X-RAY VARIABILITY FROM Sgr A* DURING 2012 |
| title_full | A CHANDRA /HETGS CENSUS OF X-RAY VARIABILITY FROM Sgr A* DURING 2012 |
| title_fullStr | A CHANDRA /HETGS CENSUS OF X-RAY VARIABILITY FROM Sgr A* DURING 2012 |
| title_full_unstemmed | A CHANDRA /HETGS CENSUS OF X-RAY VARIABILITY FROM Sgr A* DURING 2012 |
| title_short | A CHANDRA /HETGS CENSUS OF X-RAY VARIABILITY FROM Sgr A* DURING 2012 |
| title_sort | chandra hetgs census of x ray variability from sgr a during 2012 |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93746 |
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