CORONA, JET, AND RELATIVISTIC LINE MODELS FOR SUZAKU/RXTE/CHANDRA-HETG OBSERVATIONS OF THE CYGNUS X-1 HARD STATE
Using Suzaku and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), we have conducted a series of four simultaneous observations of the galactic black hole candidate Cyg X-1 in what were historically faint and spectrally hard "low states." Additionally, all of these observations occurred near superio...
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Institute of Physics/American Astronomical Society
2015
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/95730 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4081-6322 |
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| author | Nowak, Michael A. Hanke, Manfred Markoff, Sera B. Wilms, Jörn Pottschmidt, Katja Coppi, Paolo Maitra, Dipankar Davis, John E. Tramper, Frank Heine, Sarah N.T. |
| author2 | MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research |
| author_facet | MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Nowak, Michael A. Hanke, Manfred Markoff, Sera B. Wilms, Jörn Pottschmidt, Katja Coppi, Paolo Maitra, Dipankar Davis, John E. Tramper, Frank Heine, Sarah N.T. |
| author_sort | Nowak, Michael A. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Using Suzaku and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), we have conducted a series of four simultaneous observations of the galactic black hole candidate Cyg X-1 in what were historically faint and spectrally hard "low states." Additionally, all of these observations occurred near superior conjunction with our line of sight to the X-ray source passing through the dense phases of the "focused wind" from the mass donating secondary. One of our observations was also simultaneous with observations by the Chandra-High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG). These latter spectra are crucial for revealing the ionized absorption due to the secondary's focused wind. Such absorption is present and must be accounted for in all four spectra. These simultaneous data give an unprecedented view of the 0.8-300 keV spectrum of Cyg X-1, and hence bear upon both corona and X-ray emitting jet models of black hole hard states. Three models fit the spectra well: coronae with thermal or mixed thermal/non-thermal electron populations and jets. All three models require a soft component that we fit with a low temperature disk spectrum with an inner radius of only a few tens of GM/c[superscript 2]. All three models also agree that the known spectral break at 10 keV is not solely due to the presence of reflection, but each gives a different underlying explanation for the augmentation of this break. Thus, whereas all three models require that there is a relativistically broadened Fe line, the strength and inner radius of such a line is dependent upon the specific model, thus making premature line-based estimates of the black hole spin in the Cyg X-1 system. We look at the relativistic line in detail, accounting for the narrow Fe emission and ionized absorption detected by HETG. Although the specific relativistic parameters of the line are continuum dependent, none of the broad line fits allow for an inner disk radius that is >40 GM/c [superscript 2]. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:58:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/95730 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:58:29Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Institute of Physics/American Astronomical Society |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/957302022-10-02T05:26:07Z CORONA, JET, AND RELATIVISTIC LINE MODELS FOR SUZAKU/RXTE/CHANDRA-HETG OBSERVATIONS OF THE CYGNUS X-1 HARD STATE Nowak, Michael A. Hanke, Manfred Markoff, Sera B. Wilms, Jörn Pottschmidt, Katja Coppi, Paolo Maitra, Dipankar Davis, John E. Tramper, Frank Heine, Sarah N.T. MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Nowak, Michael A. Trowbridge, Sarah N. Davis, John E. Using Suzaku and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), we have conducted a series of four simultaneous observations of the galactic black hole candidate Cyg X-1 in what were historically faint and spectrally hard "low states." Additionally, all of these observations occurred near superior conjunction with our line of sight to the X-ray source passing through the dense phases of the "focused wind" from the mass donating secondary. One of our observations was also simultaneous with observations by the Chandra-High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG). These latter spectra are crucial for revealing the ionized absorption due to the secondary's focused wind. Such absorption is present and must be accounted for in all four spectra. These simultaneous data give an unprecedented view of the 0.8-300 keV spectrum of Cyg X-1, and hence bear upon both corona and X-ray emitting jet models of black hole hard states. Three models fit the spectra well: coronae with thermal or mixed thermal/non-thermal electron populations and jets. All three models require a soft component that we fit with a low temperature disk spectrum with an inner radius of only a few tens of GM/c[superscript 2]. All three models also agree that the known spectral break at 10 keV is not solely due to the presence of reflection, but each gives a different underlying explanation for the augmentation of this break. Thus, whereas all three models require that there is a relativistically broadened Fe line, the strength and inner radius of such a line is dependent upon the specific model, thus making premature line-based estimates of the black hole spin in the Cyg X-1 system. We look at the relativistic line in detail, accounting for the narrow Fe emission and ionized absorption detected by HETG. Although the specific relativistic parameters of the line are continuum dependent, none of the broad line fits allow for an inner disk radius that is >40 GM/c [superscript 2]. United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA Grant SV3-73016) Chandra X-ray Center (U.S.) (guest observer grant NNX07AF71G) Chandra X-ray Center (U.S.) (guest observer grant NNX08AE23G) Chandra X-ray Center (U.S.) (guest observer grant NNX08AZ66G) U.S. Suzaku Guest Observer Facility (guest observer grant GO8-9036X) German Aerospace Center (DLR) (BMWi, DLR Grant 50 OR 0701) European Commission (grant ITN 215212) Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (OC Fellowship) Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (Vidi Fellowship) 2015-02-27T16:20:42Z 2015-02-27T16:20:42Z 2011-02 2010-02 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 0004-637X 1538-4357 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/95730 Nowak, Michael A., Manfred Hanke, Sarah N. Trowbridge, Sera B. Markoff, Jörn Wilms, Katja Pottschmidt, Paolo Coppi, Dipankar Maitra, John E. Davis, and Frank Tramper. “ CORONA, JET, AND RELATIVISTIC LINE MODELS FOR SUZAKU / RXTE / CHANDRA -HETG OBSERVATIONS OF THE CYGNUS X-1 HARD STATE .” The Astrophysical Journal 728, no. 1 (January 14, 2011): 13. © 2011 American Astronomical Society. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4081-6322 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/728/1/13 Astrophysical Journal Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf Institute of Physics/American Astronomical Society American Astronomical Society |
| spellingShingle | Nowak, Michael A. Hanke, Manfred Markoff, Sera B. Wilms, Jörn Pottschmidt, Katja Coppi, Paolo Maitra, Dipankar Davis, John E. Tramper, Frank Heine, Sarah N.T. CORONA, JET, AND RELATIVISTIC LINE MODELS FOR SUZAKU/RXTE/CHANDRA-HETG OBSERVATIONS OF THE CYGNUS X-1 HARD STATE |
| title | CORONA, JET, AND RELATIVISTIC LINE MODELS FOR SUZAKU/RXTE/CHANDRA-HETG OBSERVATIONS OF THE CYGNUS X-1 HARD STATE |
| title_full | CORONA, JET, AND RELATIVISTIC LINE MODELS FOR SUZAKU/RXTE/CHANDRA-HETG OBSERVATIONS OF THE CYGNUS X-1 HARD STATE |
| title_fullStr | CORONA, JET, AND RELATIVISTIC LINE MODELS FOR SUZAKU/RXTE/CHANDRA-HETG OBSERVATIONS OF THE CYGNUS X-1 HARD STATE |
| title_full_unstemmed | CORONA, JET, AND RELATIVISTIC LINE MODELS FOR SUZAKU/RXTE/CHANDRA-HETG OBSERVATIONS OF THE CYGNUS X-1 HARD STATE |
| title_short | CORONA, JET, AND RELATIVISTIC LINE MODELS FOR SUZAKU/RXTE/CHANDRA-HETG OBSERVATIONS OF THE CYGNUS X-1 HARD STATE |
| title_sort | corona jet and relativistic line models for suzaku rxte chandra hetg observations of the cygnus x 1 hard state |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/95730 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4081-6322 |
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