Exposure to particulate matter and ozone of outdoor origin in Singapore
Estimates of population exposure to ambient air pollution traditionally rely on concentrations measured at central-site monitors as a surrogate for concentrations to which people are exposed. In this study of Singapore, we estimate population-averaged exposure concentrations for PM2.5, PM10, and O3...
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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2015
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/106370 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/26371 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.03.027 |
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| author | Chen, Ailu Chang, Victor Wei-Chung Nazaroff, William W. Gall, Elliott Tyler |
| author2 | School of Civil and Environmental Engineering |
| author_facet | School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Chen, Ailu Chang, Victor Wei-Chung Nazaroff, William W. Gall, Elliott Tyler |
| author_sort | Chen, Ailu |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Estimates of population exposure to ambient air pollution traditionally rely on concentrations measured at central-site monitors as a surrogate for concentrations to which people are exposed. In this study of Singapore, we estimate population-averaged exposure concentrations for PM2.5, PM10, and O3 by applying a model and data that account for age and gender demographics, intraurban regional variability, and microenvironmental effects with age- and gender-stratified time-activity budgets. The study addresses exposure only to air pollutants of outdoor origin. Spatially averaged midpoint estimates of lifetime ambient exposure concentrations are 59%, 52%, and 47% of outdoor concentrations for PM2.5, PM10, and O3, respectively. Utilizing ambient data for calendar year 2007, we estimate that intraurban variability in ambient concentration results in lifetime-integrated exposure concentrations in the respective ranges of 10-14μgm-3 for PM2.5, 14-18μgm-3 for PM10, and 7.5-15μgm-3 for O3. Uncertainty in estimates of the indoor proportion of outdoor pollutants, which are input to the model, results in greater variability than do intraurban differences in ambient concentrations, resulting in respective ranges of 6.6-15μgm-3 for PM2.5, 8.1-21μgm-3 for PM10 and 6.8-16μgm-3 for O3. Estimates of time spent in naturally ventilated (NV) homes are in the range 10-13h/d across the population and exposures in NV homes contribute 49%, 53%, and 56% of total exposure for PM2.5, PM10 and O3, of outdoor origin, respectively. Results illustrate the importance of accurately characterizing climate-specific indoor-outdoor pollutant relationships to better quantify human exposure to air pollutants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T06:39:51Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/106370 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T06:39:51Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1063702019-12-06T22:10:02Z Exposure to particulate matter and ozone of outdoor origin in Singapore Chen, Ailu Chang, Victor Wei-Chung Nazaroff, William W. Gall, Elliott Tyler School of Civil and Environmental Engineering DRNTU::Engineering::Environmental engineering::Environmental pollution Estimates of population exposure to ambient air pollution traditionally rely on concentrations measured at central-site monitors as a surrogate for concentrations to which people are exposed. In this study of Singapore, we estimate population-averaged exposure concentrations for PM2.5, PM10, and O3 by applying a model and data that account for age and gender demographics, intraurban regional variability, and microenvironmental effects with age- and gender-stratified time-activity budgets. The study addresses exposure only to air pollutants of outdoor origin. Spatially averaged midpoint estimates of lifetime ambient exposure concentrations are 59%, 52%, and 47% of outdoor concentrations for PM2.5, PM10, and O3, respectively. Utilizing ambient data for calendar year 2007, we estimate that intraurban variability in ambient concentration results in lifetime-integrated exposure concentrations in the respective ranges of 10-14μgm-3 for PM2.5, 14-18μgm-3 for PM10, and 7.5-15μgm-3 for O3. Uncertainty in estimates of the indoor proportion of outdoor pollutants, which are input to the model, results in greater variability than do intraurban differences in ambient concentrations, resulting in respective ranges of 6.6-15μgm-3 for PM2.5, 8.1-21μgm-3 for PM10 and 6.8-16μgm-3 for O3. Estimates of time spent in naturally ventilated (NV) homes are in the range 10-13h/d across the population and exposures in NV homes contribute 49%, 53%, and 56% of total exposure for PM2.5, PM10 and O3, of outdoor origin, respectively. Results illustrate the importance of accurately characterizing climate-specific indoor-outdoor pollutant relationships to better quantify human exposure to air pollutants. NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore) Accepted version 2015-07-10T08:24:26Z 2019-12-06T22:10:02Z 2015-07-10T08:24:26Z 2019-12-06T22:10:02Z 2015 2015 Journal Article Gall, E. T., Chen, A., Chang, V. W.-C., & Nazaroff, W. W. (2015). Exposure to particulate matter and ozone of outdoor origin in Singapore. Building and environment, in press. 0360-1323 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/106370 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/26371 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.03.027 en Building and environment © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. This is the author created version of a work that has been peer reviewed and accepted for publication by Building and Environment, Elsevier Ltd. It incorporates referee’s comments but changes resulting from the publishing process, such as copyediting, structural formatting, may not be reflected in this document. The published version is available at: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.03.027]. 32 p. application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | DRNTU::Engineering::Environmental engineering::Environmental pollution Chen, Ailu Chang, Victor Wei-Chung Nazaroff, William W. Gall, Elliott Tyler Exposure to particulate matter and ozone of outdoor origin in Singapore |
| title | Exposure to particulate matter and ozone of outdoor origin in Singapore |
| title_full | Exposure to particulate matter and ozone of outdoor origin in Singapore |
| title_fullStr | Exposure to particulate matter and ozone of outdoor origin in Singapore |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exposure to particulate matter and ozone of outdoor origin in Singapore |
| title_short | Exposure to particulate matter and ozone of outdoor origin in Singapore |
| title_sort | exposure to particulate matter and ozone of outdoor origin in singapore |
| topic | DRNTU::Engineering::Environmental engineering::Environmental pollution |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/106370 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/26371 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.03.027 |
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