360 intrusions in a miniature volcano : birth, growth, and evolution of an analog edifice
Most volcanoes throughout the world have been monitored with geophysical data (seismology and geodesy) for no more than three decades, a relatively short time compared to their overall life. The consequence is that we lack a long observation of volcanic growth and behavior to get a more complete pic...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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2019
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/106421 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/47971 |
| _version_ | 1826115476113063936 |
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| author | Derrien, Allan Taisne, Benoit |
| author2 | Asian School of the Environment |
| author_facet | Asian School of the Environment Derrien, Allan Taisne, Benoit |
| author_sort | Derrien, Allan |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Most volcanoes throughout the world have been monitored with geophysical data (seismology and geodesy) for no more than three decades, a relatively short time compared to their overall life. The consequence is that we lack a long observation of volcanic growth and behavior to get a more complete picture of the interaction between edifice stress state and magma transfer. Here we present the birth and evolution of a 83 x 83 cm analog model, where we reproduce for the first time volcanic growth over 360 successive intrusions (15mL every half hour, at a rate of 3 mL/min) in an analog elasticity-dominated material (pigskin gelatine). By observing the development of this model volcano, we hope to provide insights to the study of long-term volcanic activity. In particular, we are interested in stress accumulation/release cycles and their role in the triggering of distant eruptions. Our model volcano started as a flat topography and ended 3.82 cm in height at the summit. It displayed cyclic eruptive patterns with
alternating phases of eruptive and purely intrusive behavior. Alike to many intraplate volcanoes in nature, main dyke swarms produced in the experiment were disposed in a three-branched radial pattern centered above the injection source (“volcanic rift zones”). They were accompanied by two radial sill networks, at source depth and edifice base. Long-term radial compressive stress building during dyke swarming was likely compensated by radial compressive stress release during sill emplacement. Near-surface stresses, deduced from the main orientation eruptive fissures and “dry” fractures, became more localized as the volcano grew. At the end of the experiment, the shallow stress field was interpreted as generally extensional radial at the summit, extensional
tangential on the flanks, and compressive radial in distal areas. This experiment
showcases the potential of studying long-term stress permutations in volcanic edifices in the understanding of their morphology and successive activity phases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T03:55:47Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/106421 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T03:55:47Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1064212020-09-26T21:27:38Z 360 intrusions in a miniature volcano : birth, growth, and evolution of an analog edifice Derrien, Allan Taisne, Benoit Asian School of the Environment Earth Observatory of Singapore Growth Volcano DRNTU::Science::Geology::Volcanoes and earthquakes Most volcanoes throughout the world have been monitored with geophysical data (seismology and geodesy) for no more than three decades, a relatively short time compared to their overall life. The consequence is that we lack a long observation of volcanic growth and behavior to get a more complete picture of the interaction between edifice stress state and magma transfer. Here we present the birth and evolution of a 83 x 83 cm analog model, where we reproduce for the first time volcanic growth over 360 successive intrusions (15mL every half hour, at a rate of 3 mL/min) in an analog elasticity-dominated material (pigskin gelatine). By observing the development of this model volcano, we hope to provide insights to the study of long-term volcanic activity. In particular, we are interested in stress accumulation/release cycles and their role in the triggering of distant eruptions. Our model volcano started as a flat topography and ended 3.82 cm in height at the summit. It displayed cyclic eruptive patterns with alternating phases of eruptive and purely intrusive behavior. Alike to many intraplate volcanoes in nature, main dyke swarms produced in the experiment were disposed in a three-branched radial pattern centered above the injection source (“volcanic rift zones”). They were accompanied by two radial sill networks, at source depth and edifice base. Long-term radial compressive stress building during dyke swarming was likely compensated by radial compressive stress release during sill emplacement. Near-surface stresses, deduced from the main orientation eruptive fissures and “dry” fractures, became more localized as the volcano grew. At the end of the experiment, the shallow stress field was interpreted as generally extensional radial at the summit, extensional tangential on the flanks, and compressive radial in distal areas. This experiment showcases the potential of studying long-term stress permutations in volcanic edifices in the understanding of their morphology and successive activity phases. NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore) MOE (Min. of Education, S’pore) Published version 2019-04-03T08:57:02Z 2019-12-06T22:11:20Z 2019-04-03T08:57:02Z 2019-12-06T22:11:20Z 2019 Journal Article Derrien, A., & Taisne, B. (2019). 360 intrusions in a miniature volcano : birth, growth, and evolution of an analog edifice. Frontiers in Earth Science, 7:19. doi: 10.3389/feart.2019.00019 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/106421 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/47971 10.3389/feart.2019.00019 en Frontiers in Earth Science © 2019 Derrien and Taisne. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. 16 p. application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Growth Volcano DRNTU::Science::Geology::Volcanoes and earthquakes Derrien, Allan Taisne, Benoit 360 intrusions in a miniature volcano : birth, growth, and evolution of an analog edifice |
| title | 360 intrusions in a miniature volcano : birth, growth, and evolution of an analog edifice |
| title_full | 360 intrusions in a miniature volcano : birth, growth, and evolution of an analog edifice |
| title_fullStr | 360 intrusions in a miniature volcano : birth, growth, and evolution of an analog edifice |
| title_full_unstemmed | 360 intrusions in a miniature volcano : birth, growth, and evolution of an analog edifice |
| title_short | 360 intrusions in a miniature volcano : birth, growth, and evolution of an analog edifice |
| title_sort | 360 intrusions in a miniature volcano birth growth and evolution of an analog edifice |
| topic | Growth Volcano DRNTU::Science::Geology::Volcanoes and earthquakes |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/106421 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/47971 |
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