Embedding QR codes onto B-spline surfaces for 3D printing
Recent advance of Additive Manufacturing technologies allows us to manufacture various parts used in real-world products. Consequently, product tracking of such 3D printed parts is an important issue. Quick Response (QR) code which is a two-dimensional matrix barcode invented by Denso, a Japanese au...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/141939 |
| _version_ | 1811681474624094208 |
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| author | Kikuchi, Ryosuke Yoshikawa, Sora Jayaraman, Pradeep Kumar Zheng, Jianmin Maekawa, Takashi |
| author2 | School of Computer Science and Engineering |
| author_facet | School of Computer Science and Engineering Kikuchi, Ryosuke Yoshikawa, Sora Jayaraman, Pradeep Kumar Zheng, Jianmin Maekawa, Takashi |
| author_sort | Kikuchi, Ryosuke |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Recent advance of Additive Manufacturing technologies allows us to manufacture various parts used in real-world products. Consequently, product tracking of such 3D printed parts is an important issue. Quick Response (QR) code which is a two-dimensional matrix barcode invented by Denso, a Japanese automotive industry, in 1994, can be used for this purpose. It can store more data than the 1D barcode in a smaller space, and using a smartphone as a scanner, one can directly visit a website where all the information of the parts is stored. However, QR codes require secondary procedures to add them to products and are also vulnerable to wear and tear. Moreover, QR codes cannot be added to freeform surfaces, but only to developable surfaces. In this paper we propose a novel technique to embed QR codes onto CAD models consisting of freeform surfaces represented by B-spline surfaces, which produces 3D QR codes. 3D QR codes work similar to 2D QR codes and can be read by existing QR scanners, but are designed by grooving the surface to obtain light and dark regions caused by ambient occlusion. Unlike conventional QR codes, 3D QR codes do not fall off from the part and can even be painted if necessary. Furthermore, we do not need to prepare dark-colored and light-colored materials for 3D printing as the dark color is provided by the grooving. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique with various examples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T03:41:31Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/141939 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T03:41:31Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1419392020-06-12T02:19:04Z Embedding QR codes onto B-spline surfaces for 3D printing Kikuchi, Ryosuke Yoshikawa, Sora Jayaraman, Pradeep Kumar Zheng, Jianmin Maekawa, Takashi School of Computer Science and Engineering Engineering::Computer science and engineering QR Code B-spline Surface Recent advance of Additive Manufacturing technologies allows us to manufacture various parts used in real-world products. Consequently, product tracking of such 3D printed parts is an important issue. Quick Response (QR) code which is a two-dimensional matrix barcode invented by Denso, a Japanese automotive industry, in 1994, can be used for this purpose. It can store more data than the 1D barcode in a smaller space, and using a smartphone as a scanner, one can directly visit a website where all the information of the parts is stored. However, QR codes require secondary procedures to add them to products and are also vulnerable to wear and tear. Moreover, QR codes cannot be added to freeform surfaces, but only to developable surfaces. In this paper we propose a novel technique to embed QR codes onto CAD models consisting of freeform surfaces represented by B-spline surfaces, which produces 3D QR codes. 3D QR codes work similar to 2D QR codes and can be read by existing QR scanners, but are designed by grooving the surface to obtain light and dark regions caused by ambient occlusion. Unlike conventional QR codes, 3D QR codes do not fall off from the part and can even be painted if necessary. Furthermore, we do not need to prepare dark-colored and light-colored materials for 3D printing as the dark color is provided by the grooving. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique with various examples. MOE (Min. of Education, S’pore) 2020-06-12T02:19:04Z 2020-06-12T02:19:04Z 2018 Journal Article Kikuchi, R., Yoshikawa, S., Jayaraman, P. K., Zheng, J., & Maekawa, T. (2018). Embedding QR codes onto B-spline surfaces for 3D printing. Computer-Aided Design, 102, 215-223. doi:10.1016/j.cad.2018.04.025 0010-4485 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/141939 10.1016/j.cad.2018.04.025 2-s2.0-85047604586 102 215 223 en Computer-Aided Design © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| spellingShingle | Engineering::Computer science and engineering QR Code B-spline Surface Kikuchi, Ryosuke Yoshikawa, Sora Jayaraman, Pradeep Kumar Zheng, Jianmin Maekawa, Takashi Embedding QR codes onto B-spline surfaces for 3D printing |
| title | Embedding QR codes onto B-spline surfaces for 3D printing |
| title_full | Embedding QR codes onto B-spline surfaces for 3D printing |
| title_fullStr | Embedding QR codes onto B-spline surfaces for 3D printing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Embedding QR codes onto B-spline surfaces for 3D printing |
| title_short | Embedding QR codes onto B-spline surfaces for 3D printing |
| title_sort | embedding qr codes onto b spline surfaces for 3d printing |
| topic | Engineering::Computer science and engineering QR Code B-spline Surface |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/141939 |
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