Bioleaching as an eco-friendly approach for metal recovery from spent NMC-based lithium-ion batteries at a high pulp density
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are extensively used for power storage in most gadgets, electric vehicles (EV), and energy storage devices. Spent LIBs are an excellent source of metals, which can be recycled and reused in new batteries to reduce environmental impacts. Our current study reports bioleach...
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2021
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/147696 |
| _version_ | 1826124997526028288 |
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| author | Roy, Joseph Jegan Srinivasan, Madhavi Cao, Bin |
| author2 | School of Civil and Environmental Engineering |
| author_facet | School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Roy, Joseph Jegan Srinivasan, Madhavi Cao, Bin |
| author_sort | Roy, Joseph Jegan |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are extensively used for power storage in most gadgets, electric vehicles (EV), and energy storage devices. Spent LIBs are an excellent source of metals, which can be recycled and reused in new batteries to reduce environmental impacts. Our current study reports bioleaching-mediated metal recovery from spent nickel-, manganese-, cobalt (NMC)-based LIBs at a high solid content, using an autotrophic bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis showed recoveries of 90% Ni, 92% Mn, 82% Co, and 89% Li from spent LIBs in 72 h at a solid content of 100 g/L. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analyses of the LIB powder before and after bioleaching confirmed that most of the metals leached out from the batteries. A high leaching efficiency was achieved by elevated concentrations of H2SO4 and ferric ion in the A. ferrooxidans culture as well as replenished bacterial culture for three cycles during the bioleaching. The bioleaching process reported here can be used to efficiently extract metals from spent EV batteries in an eco-friendly manner. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T06:29:31Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/147696 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T06:29:31Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1476962021-04-17T20:11:20Z Bioleaching as an eco-friendly approach for metal recovery from spent NMC-based lithium-ion batteries at a high pulp density Roy, Joseph Jegan Srinivasan, Madhavi Cao, Bin School of Civil and Environmental Engineering School of Materials Science and Engineering Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N) Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences and Engineering (SCELSE) Engineering::Materials Bioleaching NMC Battery Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are extensively used for power storage in most gadgets, electric vehicles (EV), and energy storage devices. Spent LIBs are an excellent source of metals, which can be recycled and reused in new batteries to reduce environmental impacts. Our current study reports bioleaching-mediated metal recovery from spent nickel-, manganese-, cobalt (NMC)-based LIBs at a high solid content, using an autotrophic bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis showed recoveries of 90% Ni, 92% Mn, 82% Co, and 89% Li from spent LIBs in 72 h at a solid content of 100 g/L. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analyses of the LIB powder before and after bioleaching confirmed that most of the metals leached out from the batteries. A high leaching efficiency was achieved by elevated concentrations of H2SO4 and ferric ion in the A. ferrooxidans culture as well as replenished bacterial culture for three cycles during the bioleaching. The bioleaching process reported here can be used to efficiently extract metals from spent EV batteries in an eco-friendly manner. Ministry of National Development (MND) National Environmental Agency (NEA) National Research Foundation (NRF) Accepted version This SCARCE project is supported by the National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore, the Ministry of National Development, Singapore, and National Environment Agency, Ministry of Sustainability and the Environment, Singapore under the Closing the Waste Loop R&D Initiative as part of the Urban Solutions & Sustainability – Integration Fund (Award No. USS-IF-2018-4). 2021-04-14T04:22:07Z 2021-04-14T04:22:07Z 2021 Journal Article Roy, J. J., Srinivasan, M. & Cao, B. (2021). Bioleaching as an eco-friendly approach for metal recovery from spent NMC-based lithium-ion batteries at a high pulp density. ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 9(8), 3060-3069. https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06573 2168-0485 0000-0002-8727-7517 0000-0002-5497-3428 0000-0002-9462-496X https://hdl.handle.net/10356/147696 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06573 2-s2.0-85101968731 8 9 3060 3069 en SCARCE USS-IF-2018-4 ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06573 application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Engineering::Materials Bioleaching NMC Battery Roy, Joseph Jegan Srinivasan, Madhavi Cao, Bin Bioleaching as an eco-friendly approach for metal recovery from spent NMC-based lithium-ion batteries at a high pulp density |
| title | Bioleaching as an eco-friendly approach for metal recovery from spent NMC-based lithium-ion batteries at a high pulp density |
| title_full | Bioleaching as an eco-friendly approach for metal recovery from spent NMC-based lithium-ion batteries at a high pulp density |
| title_fullStr | Bioleaching as an eco-friendly approach for metal recovery from spent NMC-based lithium-ion batteries at a high pulp density |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioleaching as an eco-friendly approach for metal recovery from spent NMC-based lithium-ion batteries at a high pulp density |
| title_short | Bioleaching as an eco-friendly approach for metal recovery from spent NMC-based lithium-ion batteries at a high pulp density |
| title_sort | bioleaching as an eco friendly approach for metal recovery from spent nmc based lithium ion batteries at a high pulp density |
| topic | Engineering::Materials Bioleaching NMC Battery |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/147696 |
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