Review of current spinal robotic orthoses
Osteoporotic spine fractures (OSF) are common sequelae of osteoporosis. OSF are directly correlated with increasing age and incidence of osteoporosis. OSF are treated conservatively or surgically. Associated acute pain, chronic disabilities, and progressive deformities are well documented. Conservat...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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2021
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/151786 |
| _version_ | 1811677525001109504 |
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| author | Mak, David Siu Kei Accoto, Dino |
| author2 | School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering |
| author_facet | School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Mak, David Siu Kei Accoto, Dino |
| author_sort | Mak, David Siu Kei |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Osteoporotic spine fractures (OSF) are common sequelae of osteoporosis. OSF are directly correlated with increasing age and incidence of osteoporosis. OSF are treated conservatively or surgically. Associated acute pain, chronic disabilities, and progressive deformities are well documented. Conservative measures include a combination of initial bed rest, analgesia, early physiotherapy, and a spinal brace (orthosis), with the aim for early rehabilitation to prevent complications of immobile state. Spinal bracing is commonly used for symptomatic management of OSF. While traditional spinal braces aim to maintain the neutral spinal alignment and reduce the axial loading on the fractured vertebrae, they are well known for complications including discomfort with reduced compliance, atrophy of paraspinal muscles, and restriction of chest expansion leading to chest infections. Exoskeletons have been developed to passively assist and actively augment human movements with different types of actuators. Flexible, versatile spinal exoskeletons are designed to better support the spine. As new technologies enable the development of motorized wearable exoskeletons, several types have been introduced into the medical field application. We have provided a thorough review of the current spinal robotic technologies in this paper. The shortcomings in the current spinal exoskeletons were identified. Their limitations on the use for patients with OSF with potential improvement strategies were discussed. With our current knowledge of spinal orthosis for conservatively managed OSF, a semi-rigid backpack style thoracolumbar spinal robotic orthosis will reduce spinal bone stress and improve back muscle support. This will lead to back pain reduction, improved posture, and overall mobility. Early mobilization is an important part of management of patients with OSF as it reduces the chance of developing complications related to their immobile state for patients with OSF, which will be helpful for their recovery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T02:38:45Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/151786 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T02:38:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1517862023-03-04T17:23:56Z Review of current spinal robotic orthoses Mak, David Siu Kei Accoto, Dino School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Engineering::Mechanical engineering Osteoporotic Spine Fracture Spinal Orthosis Osteoporotic spine fractures (OSF) are common sequelae of osteoporosis. OSF are directly correlated with increasing age and incidence of osteoporosis. OSF are treated conservatively or surgically. Associated acute pain, chronic disabilities, and progressive deformities are well documented. Conservative measures include a combination of initial bed rest, analgesia, early physiotherapy, and a spinal brace (orthosis), with the aim for early rehabilitation to prevent complications of immobile state. Spinal bracing is commonly used for symptomatic management of OSF. While traditional spinal braces aim to maintain the neutral spinal alignment and reduce the axial loading on the fractured vertebrae, they are well known for complications including discomfort with reduced compliance, atrophy of paraspinal muscles, and restriction of chest expansion leading to chest infections. Exoskeletons have been developed to passively assist and actively augment human movements with different types of actuators. Flexible, versatile spinal exoskeletons are designed to better support the spine. As new technologies enable the development of motorized wearable exoskeletons, several types have been introduced into the medical field application. We have provided a thorough review of the current spinal robotic technologies in this paper. The shortcomings in the current spinal exoskeletons were identified. Their limitations on the use for patients with OSF with potential improvement strategies were discussed. With our current knowledge of spinal orthosis for conservatively managed OSF, a semi-rigid backpack style thoracolumbar spinal robotic orthosis will reduce spinal bone stress and improve back muscle support. This will lead to back pain reduction, improved posture, and overall mobility. Early mobilization is an important part of management of patients with OSF as it reduces the chance of developing complications related to their immobile state for patients with OSF, which will be helpful for their recovery. Published version 2021-07-16T10:57:36Z 2021-07-16T10:57:36Z 2021 Journal Article Mak, D. S. K. & Accoto, D. (2021). Review of current spinal robotic orthoses. Healthcare, 9(1), 70-. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9010070 2227-9032 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/151786 10.3390/healthcare9010070 33451142 2-s2.0-85104344351 1 9 70 en Healthcare © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Engineering::Mechanical engineering Osteoporotic Spine Fracture Spinal Orthosis Mak, David Siu Kei Accoto, Dino Review of current spinal robotic orthoses |
| title | Review of current spinal robotic orthoses |
| title_full | Review of current spinal robotic orthoses |
| title_fullStr | Review of current spinal robotic orthoses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review of current spinal robotic orthoses |
| title_short | Review of current spinal robotic orthoses |
| title_sort | review of current spinal robotic orthoses |
| topic | Engineering::Mechanical engineering Osteoporotic Spine Fracture Spinal Orthosis |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/151786 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT makdavidsiukei reviewofcurrentspinalroboticorthoses AT accotodino reviewofcurrentspinalroboticorthoses |