Effects of ingested nanocellulose and nanochitosan materials on carbohydrate digestion and absorption in an in vitro small intestinal epithelium model
Nanoscale materials derived from natural biopolymers like cellulose and chitosan have many potentially useful agri-food and oral drug delivery applications. Because of their large and potentially bioactive surface areas and other unique physico-chemical properties, it is essential when evaluating th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/152170 |
| _version_ | 1826118761984294912 |
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| author | Guo, Zhongyuan Deloid, Glen M. Cao, Xiaoqiong Bitounis, Dimitrios Sampathkumar, Kaarunya Ng, Kee Woei Loo, Joachim Say Chye Demokritou, Philip |
| author2 | School of Materials Science and Engineering |
| author_facet | School of Materials Science and Engineering Guo, Zhongyuan Deloid, Glen M. Cao, Xiaoqiong Bitounis, Dimitrios Sampathkumar, Kaarunya Ng, Kee Woei Loo, Joachim Say Chye Demokritou, Philip |
| author_sort | Guo, Zhongyuan |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Nanoscale materials derived from natural biopolymers like cellulose and chitosan have many potentially useful agri-food and oral drug delivery applications. Because of their large and potentially bioactive surface areas and other unique physico-chemical properties, it is essential when evaluating their toxicological impact to assess potential effects on the digestion and absorption of co-ingested nutrients. Here, the effects of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and chitosan nanoparticles (Chnp) on the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates were studied. Starch digestion was assessed by measuring maltose released during simulated digestion of starch solutions. Glucose absorption was assessed by measuring translocation from the resulting digestas across an in vitro transwell tri-culture model of the small intestinal epithelium and calculating the area under the curve increase in absorbed glucose, analogous to the glycemic index. At 1% w/w, CNF and Chnp had small but significant effects (11% decrease and 14% increase, respectively) and CNC had no effect on starch hydrolysis during simulated digestion of a 1% w/w rice starch solution. In addition, at 2% w/w CNC had no effect on amylolysis in 1% solutions of either rice, corn, or wheat starch. Similarly, absorption of glucose from digestas of starch solutions (i.e., from maltose), was unaffected by 1% w/w CNF or CNC, but was slightly increased (10%, p<0.05) by 1% Chnp, possibly due to the slightly higher maltose concentration in the Chnp containing digestas. In contrast, all of the test materials caused sharp increases (~1.2, 1.5, and 1.6 fold for CNC,
CNF, and Chnp, respectively) in absorption of glucose from starch-free digestas spiked with free glucose at a concentration corresponding to complete hydrolysis of 1% w/w starch. The potential for ingested cellulose and chitosan nanomaterials to increase glucose absorption could have important health implications. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the observed increases and to evaluate the potential glycemic effects in an intact in vivo system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T04:48:46Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/152170 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T04:48:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1521702021-10-09T20:11:10Z Effects of ingested nanocellulose and nanochitosan materials on carbohydrate digestion and absorption in an in vitro small intestinal epithelium model Guo, Zhongyuan Deloid, Glen M. Cao, Xiaoqiong Bitounis, Dimitrios Sampathkumar, Kaarunya Ng, Kee Woei Loo, Joachim Say Chye Demokritou, Philip School of Materials Science and Engineering Skin Research Institute of Singapore Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre Engineering::Nanotechnology Engineered Nanomaterials Cellulose Nanocrystals Gastrointestinal-tract Nanoscale materials derived from natural biopolymers like cellulose and chitosan have many potentially useful agri-food and oral drug delivery applications. Because of their large and potentially bioactive surface areas and other unique physico-chemical properties, it is essential when evaluating their toxicological impact to assess potential effects on the digestion and absorption of co-ingested nutrients. Here, the effects of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and chitosan nanoparticles (Chnp) on the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates were studied. Starch digestion was assessed by measuring maltose released during simulated digestion of starch solutions. Glucose absorption was assessed by measuring translocation from the resulting digestas across an in vitro transwell tri-culture model of the small intestinal epithelium and calculating the area under the curve increase in absorbed glucose, analogous to the glycemic index. At 1% w/w, CNF and Chnp had small but significant effects (11% decrease and 14% increase, respectively) and CNC had no effect on starch hydrolysis during simulated digestion of a 1% w/w rice starch solution. In addition, at 2% w/w CNC had no effect on amylolysis in 1% solutions of either rice, corn, or wheat starch. Similarly, absorption of glucose from digestas of starch solutions (i.e., from maltose), was unaffected by 1% w/w CNF or CNC, but was slightly increased (10%, p<0.05) by 1% Chnp, possibly due to the slightly higher maltose concentration in the Chnp containing digestas. In contrast, all of the test materials caused sharp increases (~1.2, 1.5, and 1.6 fold for CNC, CNF, and Chnp, respectively) in absorption of glucose from starch-free digestas spiked with free glucose at a concentration corresponding to complete hydrolysis of 1% w/w starch. The potential for ingested cellulose and chitosan nanomaterials to increase glucose absorption could have important health implications. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the observed increases and to evaluate the potential glycemic effects in an intact in vivo system. Nanyang Technological University Accepted version Nanyang Technological University—Harvard School of Public Health Initiative for Sustainable Nanotechnology (NTU‐Harvard SusNano; NTU-HSPH-17002) 2021-09-30T04:14:43Z 2021-09-30T04:14:43Z 2021 Journal Article Guo, Z., Deloid, G. M., Cao, X., Bitounis, D., Sampathkumar, K., Ng, K. W., Loo, J. S. C. & Demokritou, P. (2021). Effects of ingested nanocellulose and nanochitosan materials on carbohydrate digestion and absorption in an in vitro small intestinal epithelium model. Environmental Science: Nano, 8(9), 2554-2568. https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1en00233c 2051-8153 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/152170 10.1039/d1en00233c 9 8 2554 2568 en NTU-HSPH 17002 Environmental Science: Nano © 2021 The Royal Society of Chemistry. All rights reserved. This paper was published in Environmental Science: Nano and is made available with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry. application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Engineering::Nanotechnology Engineered Nanomaterials Cellulose Nanocrystals Gastrointestinal-tract Guo, Zhongyuan Deloid, Glen M. Cao, Xiaoqiong Bitounis, Dimitrios Sampathkumar, Kaarunya Ng, Kee Woei Loo, Joachim Say Chye Demokritou, Philip Effects of ingested nanocellulose and nanochitosan materials on carbohydrate digestion and absorption in an in vitro small intestinal epithelium model |
| title | Effects of ingested nanocellulose and nanochitosan materials on carbohydrate digestion and absorption in an in vitro small intestinal epithelium model |
| title_full | Effects of ingested nanocellulose and nanochitosan materials on carbohydrate digestion and absorption in an in vitro small intestinal epithelium model |
| title_fullStr | Effects of ingested nanocellulose and nanochitosan materials on carbohydrate digestion and absorption in an in vitro small intestinal epithelium model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of ingested nanocellulose and nanochitosan materials on carbohydrate digestion and absorption in an in vitro small intestinal epithelium model |
| title_short | Effects of ingested nanocellulose and nanochitosan materials on carbohydrate digestion and absorption in an in vitro small intestinal epithelium model |
| title_sort | effects of ingested nanocellulose and nanochitosan materials on carbohydrate digestion and absorption in an in vitro small intestinal epithelium model |
| topic | Engineering::Nanotechnology Engineered Nanomaterials Cellulose Nanocrystals Gastrointestinal-tract |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/152170 |
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