Circuit implementation of a four-dimensional topological insulator
The classification of topological insulators predicts the existence of high-dimensional topological phases that cannot occur in real materials, as these are limited to three or fewer spatial dimensions. We use electric circuits to experimentally implement a four-dimensional (4D) topological lattice....
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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2021
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/153344 |
| _version_ | 1811681108311408640 |
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| author | Wang, You Price, Hannah M Zhang, Baile Chong, Yidong |
| author2 | School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences |
| author_facet | School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Wang, You Price, Hannah M Zhang, Baile Chong, Yidong |
| author_sort | Wang, You |
| collection | NTU |
| description | The classification of topological insulators predicts the existence of high-dimensional topological phases that cannot occur in real materials, as these are limited to three or fewer spatial dimensions. We use electric circuits to experimentally implement a four-dimensional (4D) topological lattice. The lattice dimensionality is established by circuit connections, and not by mapping to a lower-dimensional system. On the lattice's three-dimensional surface, we observe topological surface states that are associated with a nonzero second Chern number but vanishing first Chern numbers. The 4D lattice belongs to symmetry class AI, which refers to time-reversal-invariant and spinless systems with no special spatial symmetry. Class AI is topologically trivial in one to three spatial dimensions, so 4D is the lowest possible dimension for achieving a topological insulator in this class. This work paves the way to the use of electric circuits for exploring high-dimensional topological models. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T03:35:42Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/153344 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T03:35:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1533442023-02-28T19:26:48Z Circuit implementation of a four-dimensional topological insulator Wang, You Price, Hannah M Zhang, Baile Chong, Yidong School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies (CDPT) Science::Physics Topological Insulators Quantum Hall The classification of topological insulators predicts the existence of high-dimensional topological phases that cannot occur in real materials, as these are limited to three or fewer spatial dimensions. We use electric circuits to experimentally implement a four-dimensional (4D) topological lattice. The lattice dimensionality is established by circuit connections, and not by mapping to a lower-dimensional system. On the lattice's three-dimensional surface, we observe topological surface states that are associated with a nonzero second Chern number but vanishing first Chern numbers. The 4D lattice belongs to symmetry class AI, which refers to time-reversal-invariant and spinless systems with no special spatial symmetry. Class AI is topologically trivial in one to three spatial dimensions, so 4D is the lowest possible dimension for achieving a topological insulator in this class. This work paves the way to the use of electric circuits for exploring high-dimensional topological models. Ministry of Education (MOE) Published version This work was supported by the Singapore MOE Academic Research Fund Tier 3 Grant MOE2016-T3-1-006, Tier 1 Grants RG187/18 and RG174/16(S), and Tier 2 Grant MOE2018-T2-1-022(S). H.M.P. is supported by the Royal Society via grants UF160112, RGF/EA/180121 and RGF/R1/180071 2021-11-25T08:55:07Z 2021-11-25T08:55:07Z 2020 Journal Article Wang, Y., Price, H. M., Zhang, B. & Chong, Y. (2020). Circuit implementation of a four-dimensional topological insulator. Nature Communications, 11(1), 2356-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15940-3 2041-1723 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/153344 10.1038/s41467-020-15940-3 32398727 2-s2.0-85084512785 1 11 2356 en MOE2016-T3-1-006 RG187/18 RG174/16(S) MOE2018-T2-1-022 (S) Nature Communications 10.21979/N9/KXL3TD © 2020 The Author(s). This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/. application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Science::Physics Topological Insulators Quantum Hall Wang, You Price, Hannah M Zhang, Baile Chong, Yidong Circuit implementation of a four-dimensional topological insulator |
| title | Circuit implementation of a four-dimensional topological insulator |
| title_full | Circuit implementation of a four-dimensional topological insulator |
| title_fullStr | Circuit implementation of a four-dimensional topological insulator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Circuit implementation of a four-dimensional topological insulator |
| title_short | Circuit implementation of a four-dimensional topological insulator |
| title_sort | circuit implementation of a four dimensional topological insulator |
| topic | Science::Physics Topological Insulators Quantum Hall |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/153344 |
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