Identification of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from the fermentation and methanogenic phases of anaerobic digestion
The production and transformation of Soluble Microbial Products (SMPs) in biological treatment systems is complex, and their genesis and reasons for production are still unclear. SMPs are important since they constitute the main fraction of effluent COD (both aerobic and anaerobic), and hence are th...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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2021
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/154609 |
| _version_ | 1826120514908717056 |
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| author | Kunacheva, Chinagarn Soh, Yan Ni Annie Stuckey, David C. |
| author2 | Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute |
| author_facet | Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Kunacheva, Chinagarn Soh, Yan Ni Annie Stuckey, David C. |
| author_sort | Kunacheva, Chinagarn |
| collection | NTU |
| description | The production and transformation of Soluble Microbial Products (SMPs) in biological treatment systems is complex, and their genesis and reasons for production are still unclear. SMPs are important since they constitute the main fraction of effluent COD (both aerobic and anaerobic), and hence are the main precursors for disinfection by-products (DBPs). In addition, they are a key component of fouling in membrane bioreactors. Hence, it is important to identify the chemical composition of SMPs, determine their origin, and understand what system parameters influence their production so we can possibly develop strategies to control their production. This study focuses on the production and identification of SMPs in an anaerobic batch process being fed a synthetic feed. To further understand the origins of SMPs, and how they are produced, we analysed the processes of fermentation and methanogenesis independently which has never been done in detail before. SMP concentration, molecular weight distribution and carbohydrate analyses were used to estimate the amount of SMPs in the supernatants. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-Q-ToF) were used to identify many of the SMPs which have relative masses up to 2 kDa. Our results showed that fermentation released much higher SMP concentrations compared to methanogenesis, especially in the range of 70 k-1000 k Da and 106-1500 Da. Alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, acids, and nitrogen-compounds were the major group of compounds identified in the supernatant of both fermentation and methanogenesis, and 71% of the compounds identified were found in both phases of digestion. Results from LC-ESI-Q-ToF analysis identified components of the cell membrane, such as phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine, as well as other compounds such as flavonoids, acylglycerol, terpene and terpenoids, benzenoid, glyceride, steroid and steroid derivatives. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T05:17:42Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/154609 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T05:17:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1546092021-12-29T05:28:44Z Identification of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from the fermentation and methanogenic phases of anaerobic digestion Kunacheva, Chinagarn Soh, Yan Ni Annie Stuckey, David C. Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Engineering::Environmental engineering Anaerobic Digestion Disinfection Byproducts The production and transformation of Soluble Microbial Products (SMPs) in biological treatment systems is complex, and their genesis and reasons for production are still unclear. SMPs are important since they constitute the main fraction of effluent COD (both aerobic and anaerobic), and hence are the main precursors for disinfection by-products (DBPs). In addition, they are a key component of fouling in membrane bioreactors. Hence, it is important to identify the chemical composition of SMPs, determine their origin, and understand what system parameters influence their production so we can possibly develop strategies to control their production. This study focuses on the production and identification of SMPs in an anaerobic batch process being fed a synthetic feed. To further understand the origins of SMPs, and how they are produced, we analysed the processes of fermentation and methanogenesis independently which has never been done in detail before. SMP concentration, molecular weight distribution and carbohydrate analyses were used to estimate the amount of SMPs in the supernatants. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-Q-ToF) were used to identify many of the SMPs which have relative masses up to 2 kDa. Our results showed that fermentation released much higher SMP concentrations compared to methanogenesis, especially in the range of 70 k-1000 k Da and 106-1500 Da. Alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, acids, and nitrogen-compounds were the major group of compounds identified in the supernatant of both fermentation and methanogenesis, and 71% of the compounds identified were found in both phases of digestion. Results from LC-ESI-Q-ToF analysis identified components of the cell membrane, such as phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine, as well as other compounds such as flavonoids, acylglycerol, terpene and terpenoids, benzenoid, glyceride, steroid and steroid derivatives. National Research Foundation (NRF) This research work was supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation under its Environmental & Water Technologies Strategic Research Programme, and administered by the Environment & Water Industry Programme Office (EWI) of the PUB. 2021-12-29T05:28:43Z 2021-12-29T05:28:43Z 2020 Journal Article Kunacheva, C., Soh, Y. N. A. & Stuckey, D. C. (2020). Identification of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from the fermentation and methanogenic phases of anaerobic digestion. Science of the Total Environment, 698, 134177-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134177 0048-9697 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/154609 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134177 31783466 2-s2.0-85072033334 698 134177 en Science of the Total Environment © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved |
| spellingShingle | Engineering::Environmental engineering Anaerobic Digestion Disinfection Byproducts Kunacheva, Chinagarn Soh, Yan Ni Annie Stuckey, David C. Identification of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from the fermentation and methanogenic phases of anaerobic digestion |
| title | Identification of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from the fermentation and methanogenic phases of anaerobic digestion |
| title_full | Identification of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from the fermentation and methanogenic phases of anaerobic digestion |
| title_fullStr | Identification of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from the fermentation and methanogenic phases of anaerobic digestion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from the fermentation and methanogenic phases of anaerobic digestion |
| title_short | Identification of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from the fermentation and methanogenic phases of anaerobic digestion |
| title_sort | identification of soluble microbial products smps from the fermentation and methanogenic phases of anaerobic digestion |
| topic | Engineering::Environmental engineering Anaerobic Digestion Disinfection Byproducts |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/154609 |
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