Sol-gel synthesis of highly reproducible WO₃ photoanodes for solar water oxidation = 溶胶-凝胶法制备高重复性的WO₃光阳极用于太 阳能水氧化反应
Although monoclinic WO₃ is widely studied as a prototypical photoanode material for solar water splitting, limited success, hitherto, in fabricating WO₃ photoanodes that simultaneously demonstrate high efficiency and reproducibility has been realized. The difficulty in controlling both the efficienc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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2022
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/154907 |
| _version_ | 1826124315046707200 |
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| author | Feng, Jianyong Zhao, Xin Zhang, Bowei Yang, Guang Qian, Qinfeng Ma, Su Su Khine Chen, Zhong Li, Zhaosheng Huang, Yizhong |
| author2 | School of Materials Science and Engineering |
| author_facet | School of Materials Science and Engineering Feng, Jianyong Zhao, Xin Zhang, Bowei Yang, Guang Qian, Qinfeng Ma, Su Su Khine Chen, Zhong Li, Zhaosheng Huang, Yizhong |
| author_sort | Feng, Jianyong |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Although monoclinic WO₃ is widely studied as a prototypical photoanode material for solar water splitting, limited success, hitherto, in fabricating WO₃ photoanodes that simultaneously demonstrate high efficiency and reproducibility has been realized. The difficulty in controlling both the efficiency and reproducibility is derived from the ever-changing structures/compositions and chemical environments of the precursors, such as peroxytungstic acid and freshly prepared tungstic acid, which render the fabrication processes of the WO₃ photoanodes particularly uncontrollable. Herein, a highly reproducible sol-gel process was developed to establish efficient and translucent WO₃ photoanodes using a chemically stable ammonium metatungstate precursor. Under standard simulated sunlight of air mass 1.5 G, 100 mW cm−2, the WO₃ photoanode delivered photocurrent densities of ca. 2.05 and 2.25 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), when tested in 1 mol L−1 H₂SO₄ and CH₃SO₃H, respectively. Hence, the WO₃ photoanodes fabricated herein are one of the WO₃ photoanodes with the highest performance ever reported. The reproducibility of the fabrication scheme was evaluated by testing 50 randomly selected WO₃ samples in 1 mol L−1 H2SO4, which yielded an average photocurrent density of 1.8 mA cm−2 at 1.23 VRHE with a small standard deviation. Additionally, the effectiveness of the ammonium metatungstate precursor solution was maintained for at least 3 weeks, when compared with the associated upper-limit values of peroxytungstic and tungstic acid based precursors after 3 d. This study presents a key step to the future development of WO₃ photoanodes for efficient solar water splitting. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T06:18:37Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/154907 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T06:18:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1549072022-01-14T04:33:37Z Sol-gel synthesis of highly reproducible WO₃ photoanodes for solar water oxidation = 溶胶-凝胶法制备高重复性的WO₃光阳极用于太 阳能水氧化反应 Feng, Jianyong Zhao, Xin Zhang, Bowei Yang, Guang Qian, Qinfeng Ma, Su Su Khine Chen, Zhong Li, Zhaosheng Huang, Yizhong School of Materials Science and Engineering Engineering::Materials Solar Water Splitting WO₃ Although monoclinic WO₃ is widely studied as a prototypical photoanode material for solar water splitting, limited success, hitherto, in fabricating WO₃ photoanodes that simultaneously demonstrate high efficiency and reproducibility has been realized. The difficulty in controlling both the efficiency and reproducibility is derived from the ever-changing structures/compositions and chemical environments of the precursors, such as peroxytungstic acid and freshly prepared tungstic acid, which render the fabrication processes of the WO₃ photoanodes particularly uncontrollable. Herein, a highly reproducible sol-gel process was developed to establish efficient and translucent WO₃ photoanodes using a chemically stable ammonium metatungstate precursor. Under standard simulated sunlight of air mass 1.5 G, 100 mW cm−2, the WO₃ photoanode delivered photocurrent densities of ca. 2.05 and 2.25 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), when tested in 1 mol L−1 H₂SO₄ and CH₃SO₃H, respectively. Hence, the WO₃ photoanodes fabricated herein are one of the WO₃ photoanodes with the highest performance ever reported. The reproducibility of the fabrication scheme was evaluated by testing 50 randomly selected WO₃ samples in 1 mol L−1 H2SO4, which yielded an average photocurrent density of 1.8 mA cm−2 at 1.23 VRHE with a small standard deviation. Additionally, the effectiveness of the ammonium metatungstate precursor solution was maintained for at least 3 weeks, when compared with the associated upper-limit values of peroxytungstic and tungstic acid based precursors after 3 d. This study presents a key step to the future development of WO₃ photoanodes for efficient solar water splitting. Ministry of Education (MOE) This work was supported by the Ministry of Education (MOE) Tier 1 (M4011959 and M4011528), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFA0209303), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1663228 and 51902153) and the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions. 2022-01-14T04:33:37Z 2022-01-14T04:33:37Z 2020 Journal Article Feng, J., Zhao, X., Zhang, B., Yang, G., Qian, Q., Ma, S. S. K., Chen, Z., Li, Z. & Huang, Y. (2020). Sol-gel synthesis of highly reproducible WO₃ photoanodes for solar water oxidation = 溶胶-凝胶法制备高重复性的WO₃光阳极用于太 阳能水氧化反应. Science China Materials, 63(11), 2261-2271. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40843-020-1430-4 2095-8226 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/154907 10.1007/s40843-020-1430-4 2-s2.0-85090933642 11 63 2261 2271 en M4011959 M4011528 Science China Materials © Science China Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 |
| spellingShingle | Engineering::Materials Solar Water Splitting WO₃ Feng, Jianyong Zhao, Xin Zhang, Bowei Yang, Guang Qian, Qinfeng Ma, Su Su Khine Chen, Zhong Li, Zhaosheng Huang, Yizhong Sol-gel synthesis of highly reproducible WO₃ photoanodes for solar water oxidation = 溶胶-凝胶法制备高重复性的WO₃光阳极用于太 阳能水氧化反应 |
| title | Sol-gel synthesis of highly reproducible WO₃ photoanodes for solar water oxidation = 溶胶-凝胶法制备高重复性的WO₃光阳极用于太 阳能水氧化反应 |
| title_full | Sol-gel synthesis of highly reproducible WO₃ photoanodes for solar water oxidation = 溶胶-凝胶法制备高重复性的WO₃光阳极用于太 阳能水氧化反应 |
| title_fullStr | Sol-gel synthesis of highly reproducible WO₃ photoanodes for solar water oxidation = 溶胶-凝胶法制备高重复性的WO₃光阳极用于太 阳能水氧化反应 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sol-gel synthesis of highly reproducible WO₃ photoanodes for solar water oxidation = 溶胶-凝胶法制备高重复性的WO₃光阳极用于太 阳能水氧化反应 |
| title_short | Sol-gel synthesis of highly reproducible WO₃ photoanodes for solar water oxidation = 溶胶-凝胶法制备高重复性的WO₃光阳极用于太 阳能水氧化反应 |
| title_sort | sol gel synthesis of highly reproducible wo₃ photoanodes for solar water oxidation 溶胶 凝胶法制备高重复性的wo₃光阳极用于太 阳能水氧化反应 |
| topic | Engineering::Materials Solar Water Splitting WO₃ |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/154907 |
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