Microscopic reversibility and emergent elasticity in ultrastable granular systems
In a recent paper (Zhao et al., Phys Rev X, 2022, 12: 031,021), we reported experimental observations of “ultrastable” states in a shear-jammed granular system subjected to small-amplitude cyclic shear. In such states, all the particle positions and contact forces are reproduced after each shear cyc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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2023
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/164520 |
| _version_ | 1811691864088117248 |
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| author | Zhao, Yiqiu Zhao, Yuchen Wang, Dong Zheng, Hu Chakraborty, Bulbul Socolar, Joshua E. S. |
| author2 | School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering |
| author_facet | School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Zhao, Yiqiu Zhao, Yuchen Wang, Dong Zheng, Hu Chakraborty, Bulbul Socolar, Joshua E. S. |
| author_sort | Zhao, Yiqiu |
| collection | NTU |
| description | In a recent paper (Zhao et al., Phys Rev X, 2022, 12: 031,021), we reported experimental observations of “ultrastable” states in a shear-jammed granular system subjected to small-amplitude cyclic shear. In such states, all the particle positions and contact forces are reproduced after each shear cycle so that a strobed image of the stresses and particle positions appears static. In the present work, we report further analyses of data from those experiments to characterize both global and local responses of ultrastable states within a shear cycle, not just the strobed dynamics. We find that ultrastable states follow a power-law relation between shear modulus and pressure with an exponent β ≈ 0.5, reminiscent of critical scaling laws near jamming. We also examine the evolution of contact forces measured using photoelasticimetry. We find that there are two types of contacts: non-persistent contacts that reversibly open and close; and persistent contacts that never open and display no measurable sliding. We show that the non-persistent contacts make a non-negligible contribution to the emergent shear modulus. We also analyze the spatial correlations of the stress tensor and compare them to the predictions of a recent theory of the emergent elasticity of granular solids, the Vector Charge Theory of Granular mechanics and dynamics (VCTG) (Nampoothiri et al., Phys Rev Lett, 2020, 125: 118,002). We show that our experimental results can be fit well by VCTG, assuming uniaxial symmetry of the contact networks. The fits reveal that the response of the ultrastable states to additional applied stress is substantially more isotropic than that of the original shear-jammed states. Our results provide important insight into the mechanical properties of frictional granular solids created by shear. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T06:26:40Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/164520 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T06:26:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1645202023-01-30T07:34:53Z Microscopic reversibility and emergent elasticity in ultrastable granular systems Zhao, Yiqiu Zhao, Yuchen Wang, Dong Zheng, Hu Chakraborty, Bulbul Socolar, Joshua E. S. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Engineering::Mechanical engineering Science::Physics Reversibility Jamming In a recent paper (Zhao et al., Phys Rev X, 2022, 12: 031,021), we reported experimental observations of “ultrastable” states in a shear-jammed granular system subjected to small-amplitude cyclic shear. In such states, all the particle positions and contact forces are reproduced after each shear cycle so that a strobed image of the stresses and particle positions appears static. In the present work, we report further analyses of data from those experiments to characterize both global and local responses of ultrastable states within a shear cycle, not just the strobed dynamics. We find that ultrastable states follow a power-law relation between shear modulus and pressure with an exponent β ≈ 0.5, reminiscent of critical scaling laws near jamming. We also examine the evolution of contact forces measured using photoelasticimetry. We find that there are two types of contacts: non-persistent contacts that reversibly open and close; and persistent contacts that never open and display no measurable sliding. We show that the non-persistent contacts make a non-negligible contribution to the emergent shear modulus. We also analyze the spatial correlations of the stress tensor and compare them to the predictions of a recent theory of the emergent elasticity of granular solids, the Vector Charge Theory of Granular mechanics and dynamics (VCTG) (Nampoothiri et al., Phys Rev Lett, 2020, 125: 118,002). We show that our experimental results can be fit well by VCTG, assuming uniaxial symmetry of the contact networks. The fits reveal that the response of the ultrastable states to additional applied stress is substantially more isotropic than that of the original shear-jammed states. Our results provide important insight into the mechanical properties of frictional granular solids created by shear. Published version This work was primarily supported by NSF grant DMR1809762. BC was supported by NSF grants CBET-1916877, and CMMT-2026834, and BSF-2016188. 2023-01-30T07:34:53Z 2023-01-30T07:34:53Z 2022 Journal Article Zhao, Y., Zhao, Y., Wang, D., Zheng, H., Chakraborty, B. & Socolar, J. E. S. (2022). Microscopic reversibility and emergent elasticity in ultrastable granular systems. Frontiers in Physics, 10, 1048683-. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2022.1048683 2296-424X https://hdl.handle.net/10356/164520 10.3389/fphy.2022.1048683 2-s2.0-85143905755 10 1048683 en Frontiers in Physics © 2022 Zhao, Zhao, Wang, Zheng, Chakraborty and Socolar. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Engineering::Mechanical engineering Science::Physics Reversibility Jamming Zhao, Yiqiu Zhao, Yuchen Wang, Dong Zheng, Hu Chakraborty, Bulbul Socolar, Joshua E. S. Microscopic reversibility and emergent elasticity in ultrastable granular systems |
| title | Microscopic reversibility and emergent elasticity in ultrastable granular systems |
| title_full | Microscopic reversibility and emergent elasticity in ultrastable granular systems |
| title_fullStr | Microscopic reversibility and emergent elasticity in ultrastable granular systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microscopic reversibility and emergent elasticity in ultrastable granular systems |
| title_short | Microscopic reversibility and emergent elasticity in ultrastable granular systems |
| title_sort | microscopic reversibility and emergent elasticity in ultrastable granular systems |
| topic | Engineering::Mechanical engineering Science::Physics Reversibility Jamming |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/164520 |
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