Multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center
With rapid development of information technology, the number and scale of data centers (DCs) increase rapidly. Therefore, cooling energy saving becomes crucial. This study proposes multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature (SAT) in the air-cooled DCs to analyze the interactions...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2023
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/169073 |
| _version_ | 1826129875845513216 |
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| author | Zhou, Jing Kanbur, Baris Burak Le, Duc Van Tan, Rui Duan, Fei |
| author2 | School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering |
| author_facet | School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Zhou, Jing Kanbur, Baris Burak Le, Duc Van Tan, Rui Duan, Fei |
| author_sort | Zhou, Jing |
| collection | NTU |
| description | With rapid development of information technology, the number and scale of data centers (DCs) increase rapidly. Therefore, cooling energy saving becomes crucial. This study proposes multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature (SAT) in the air-cooled DCs to analyze the interactions of internal and external factors in cooling systems comprehensively. Impacts of refrigerant charge (RC), evaporation pressure (EP) control limits, and hot aisle containment (HAC) with improvements in SAT are compared and analyzed according to the thermodynamic, economic, and thermoeconomic aspects. Overall, as SAT increases from 20 °C to 32 °C, the power usage effectiveness decreases by 16.8%–19.3%. Increase in RC leads to energy consumption and cost increasing at high SAT ranges, whereas high RC shows obvious advantages at the low SAT from the thermoeconomic aspects. Additionally, releasing EP control limits has significant advantages in reducing energy usage, and cumulative present worth of data center testbed can decrease by 5.2% and 6.0% at low and high RC operations, respectively. Return on investment and payback period analysis are also performed in the testbed with the HAC reform, and the payback period is about 1–3 years with the SAT setting range at 20–32 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T07:47:22Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/169073 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T07:47:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1690732023-06-28T03:22:17Z Multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center Zhou, Jing Kanbur, Baris Burak Le, Duc Van Tan, Rui Duan, Fei School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering School of Computer Science and Engineering Engineering::Mechanical engineering Air-Cooled Data Center Energy Saving With rapid development of information technology, the number and scale of data centers (DCs) increase rapidly. Therefore, cooling energy saving becomes crucial. This study proposes multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature (SAT) in the air-cooled DCs to analyze the interactions of internal and external factors in cooling systems comprehensively. Impacts of refrigerant charge (RC), evaporation pressure (EP) control limits, and hot aisle containment (HAC) with improvements in SAT are compared and analyzed according to the thermodynamic, economic, and thermoeconomic aspects. Overall, as SAT increases from 20 °C to 32 °C, the power usage effectiveness decreases by 16.8%–19.3%. Increase in RC leads to energy consumption and cost increasing at high SAT ranges, whereas high RC shows obvious advantages at the low SAT from the thermoeconomic aspects. Additionally, releasing EP control limits has significant advantages in reducing energy usage, and cumulative present worth of data center testbed can decrease by 5.2% and 6.0% at low and high RC operations, respectively. Return on investment and payback period analysis are also performed in the testbed with the HAC reform, and the payback period is about 1–3 years with the SAT setting range at 20–32 °C. National Research Foundation (NRF) This project is supported by the National Research Foundation, Singapore, funded under Energy Research Test-Bed and Industry Partnership Funding Initiative, part of the Energy Grid (EG) 2.0 programme. 2023-06-28T03:22:16Z 2023-06-28T03:22:16Z 2023 Journal Article Zhou, J., Kanbur, B. B., Le, D. V., Tan, R. & Duan, F. (2023). Multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center. Energy, 271, 127043-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.127043 0360-5442 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/169073 10.1016/j.energy.2023.127043 2-s2.0-85149070053 271 127043 en Energy © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| spellingShingle | Engineering::Mechanical engineering Air-Cooled Data Center Energy Saving Zhou, Jing Kanbur, Baris Burak Le, Duc Van Tan, Rui Duan, Fei Multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center |
| title | Multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center |
| title_full | Multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center |
| title_fullStr | Multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center |
| title_short | Multi-criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center |
| title_sort | multi criteria assessments of increasing supply air temperature in tropical data center |
| topic | Engineering::Mechanical engineering Air-Cooled Data Center Energy Saving |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/169073 |
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