Soil moisture observations from shortwave infrared channels reveal tornado tracks: a case in 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak
Satellite-based post-tornado assessments have been widely used for the detection of tornado tracks, which heavily relies on the identification of vegetation changes through observations at visible and near-infrared channels. During the deadly 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak, a series of violent...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2023
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/169316 |
| _version_ | 1811684595241844736 |
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| author | Wang, Jingyu Lin, Yun McFarquhar, Greg M. Park, Edward Gu, Yu Su, Qiong Fu, Rong Lee, Kee Wei Zhang, Tianhao |
| author2 | Asian School of the Environment |
| author_facet | Asian School of the Environment Wang, Jingyu Lin, Yun McFarquhar, Greg M. Park, Edward Gu, Yu Su, Qiong Fu, Rong Lee, Kee Wei Zhang, Tianhao |
| author_sort | Wang, Jingyu |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Satellite-based post-tornado assessments have been widely used for the detection of tornado tracks, which heavily relies on the identification of vegetation changes through observations at visible and near-infrared channels. During the deadly 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak, a series of violent tornadoes first touched down over northeastern Arkansas, an area dominated by cropland with rare vegetation coverage in winter. Through the examination of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer multi-spectral observations, this study reveals significant scars on shortwave infrared channels over this region, but none are captured by visible and near-infrared channels. The dominant soil type is aquert (one of vertisols), whose high clay content well preserves the severe changes in soil structure during the tornado passage, when the topmost soil layer was removed and underlying soil with higher moisture content was exposed to the air. This study suggests a quick post-tornado assessment method over less vegetated area by using shortwave infrared channels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T04:31:07Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/169316 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T04:31:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1693162023-07-17T15:30:37Z Soil moisture observations from shortwave infrared channels reveal tornado tracks: a case in 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak Wang, Jingyu Lin, Yun McFarquhar, Greg M. Park, Edward Gu, Yu Su, Qiong Fu, Rong Lee, Kee Wei Zhang, Tianhao Asian School of the Environment National Institute of Education Earth Observatory of Singapore Science::Geology Clay Content Shortwave Infrared Satellite-based post-tornado assessments have been widely used for the detection of tornado tracks, which heavily relies on the identification of vegetation changes through observations at visible and near-infrared channels. During the deadly 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak, a series of violent tornadoes first touched down over northeastern Arkansas, an area dominated by cropland with rare vegetation coverage in winter. Through the examination of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer multi-spectral observations, this study reveals significant scars on shortwave infrared channels over this region, but none are captured by visible and near-infrared channels. The dominant soil type is aquert (one of vertisols), whose high clay content well preserves the severe changes in soil structure during the tornado passage, when the topmost soil layer was removed and underlying soil with higher moisture content was exposed to the air. This study suggests a quick post-tornado assessment method over less vegetated area by using shortwave infrared channels. Ministry of Education (MOE) Published version This study was supported by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) grant NA19OAR4310243, the NSF grant AGS-2103820, and the Ministry of Education, Singapore, under its Academic Research Fund Tier 1 (RG74/22 to J. W.). Y. G. acknowledges the support by (while serving at) the National Science Foundation. We would also like to acknowledge high-performance computing support from Cheyenne (https://doi.org/10.5065/D6RX99HX) provided by NCAR’s Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation. 2023-07-12T05:53:49Z 2023-07-12T05:53:49Z 2023 Journal Article Wang, J., Lin, Y., McFarquhar, G. M., Park, E., Gu, Y., Su, Q., Fu, R., Lee, K. W. & Zhang, T. (2023). Soil moisture observations from shortwave infrared channels reveal tornado tracks: a case in 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak. Geophysical Research Letters, 50(6). https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2023GL102984 0094-8276 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/169316 10.1029/2023GL102984 2-s2.0-85152562486 6 50 en RG74/22 Geophysical Research Letters © 2023 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Science::Geology Clay Content Shortwave Infrared Wang, Jingyu Lin, Yun McFarquhar, Greg M. Park, Edward Gu, Yu Su, Qiong Fu, Rong Lee, Kee Wei Zhang, Tianhao Soil moisture observations from shortwave infrared channels reveal tornado tracks: a case in 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak |
| title | Soil moisture observations from shortwave infrared channels reveal tornado tracks: a case in 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak |
| title_full | Soil moisture observations from shortwave infrared channels reveal tornado tracks: a case in 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak |
| title_fullStr | Soil moisture observations from shortwave infrared channels reveal tornado tracks: a case in 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil moisture observations from shortwave infrared channels reveal tornado tracks: a case in 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak |
| title_short | Soil moisture observations from shortwave infrared channels reveal tornado tracks: a case in 10–11 December 2021 tornado outbreak |
| title_sort | soil moisture observations from shortwave infrared channels reveal tornado tracks a case in 10 11 december 2021 tornado outbreak |
| topic | Science::Geology Clay Content Shortwave Infrared |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/169316 |
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