Ultrafiltrated extracts of fermented okara as a possible serum alternative for cell culturing: potential in cultivated meat production
Animal serum such as fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a commonly used irreplaceable essential supplement in cell culture media. However, the use of FBS has associated ethical, biosafety, and cost concerns in industrial cell culture and limits application in cultivated meat production. Okara is an agro-wa...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2023
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/170232 |
| _version_ | 1811678340327669760 |
|---|---|
| author | Teng, Ting Shien Lee, Jaslyn Jie Lin Chen, Wei Ning |
| author2 | School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering |
| author_facet | School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Teng, Ting Shien Lee, Jaslyn Jie Lin Chen, Wei Ning |
| author_sort | Teng, Ting Shien |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Animal serum such as fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a commonly used irreplaceable essential supplement in cell culture media. However, the use of FBS has associated ethical, biosafety, and cost concerns in industrial cell culture and limits application in cultivated meat production. Okara is an agro-waste generated in huge abundance daily, which can be biotransformed by fermentation. Different fractions of the fermented okara extracts were prepared by ultrafiltration according to their molecular weight and termed as unfractionated, 50 kDa, 10 kDa, and 3 kDa. Our results from the MTT assay showed that the 50 kDa fractionated fermented okara extract at 1 mg/mL was the most effective serum replacement under daily replenishment of media, as the viability of both HEK293 and HepG2 cells achieved a relative growth efficiency (RGE) of 70% compared to that of the positive control where traditional FBS was used (RGE was 100%). To understand the mechanism behind this, the metabolite profiles of 24 and 72 h HEK293 and HepG2 spent cell culture media were taken for analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. To explore the potential of using fermented okara extracts in cultivated meat production, the extracts were added to C2C12 and immortalized porcine myoblast cultures where growth was observed over 72 and 48 h, respectively. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that ultrafiltrated potential fermented okara extract could be a potential novel serum alternative for cellular agriculture use. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T02:51:42Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/170232 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T02:51:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1702322023-09-04T04:52:44Z Ultrafiltrated extracts of fermented okara as a possible serum alternative for cell culturing: potential in cultivated meat production Teng, Ting Shien Lee, Jaslyn Jie Lin Chen, Wei Ning School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Food Science and Technology Programme Engineering::Bioengineering Animal Serum Cultivated Meat Production Animal serum such as fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a commonly used irreplaceable essential supplement in cell culture media. However, the use of FBS has associated ethical, biosafety, and cost concerns in industrial cell culture and limits application in cultivated meat production. Okara is an agro-waste generated in huge abundance daily, which can be biotransformed by fermentation. Different fractions of the fermented okara extracts were prepared by ultrafiltration according to their molecular weight and termed as unfractionated, 50 kDa, 10 kDa, and 3 kDa. Our results from the MTT assay showed that the 50 kDa fractionated fermented okara extract at 1 mg/mL was the most effective serum replacement under daily replenishment of media, as the viability of both HEK293 and HepG2 cells achieved a relative growth efficiency (RGE) of 70% compared to that of the positive control where traditional FBS was used (RGE was 100%). To understand the mechanism behind this, the metabolite profiles of 24 and 72 h HEK293 and HepG2 spent cell culture media were taken for analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. To explore the potential of using fermented okara extracts in cultivated meat production, the extracts were added to C2C12 and immortalized porcine myoblast cultures where growth was observed over 72 and 48 h, respectively. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that ultrafiltrated potential fermented okara extract could be a potential novel serum alternative for cellular agriculture use. Nanyang Technological University This work is supported by the Food Science and Technology Programme, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, and the Singapore-New Zealand Bilateral Granton Future Food Alternative Protein. 2023-09-04T04:52:44Z 2023-09-04T04:52:44Z 2023 Journal Article Teng, T. S., Lee, J. J. L. & Chen, W. N. (2023). Ultrafiltrated extracts of fermented okara as a possible serum alternative for cell culturing: potential in cultivated meat production. ACS Food Science and Technology, 3(4), 699-709. https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsfoodscitech.2c00401 2692-1944 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/170232 10.1021/acsfoodscitech.2c00401 2-s2.0-85151852730 4 3 699 709 en ACS Food Science and Technology © 2023 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. |
| spellingShingle | Engineering::Bioengineering Animal Serum Cultivated Meat Production Teng, Ting Shien Lee, Jaslyn Jie Lin Chen, Wei Ning Ultrafiltrated extracts of fermented okara as a possible serum alternative for cell culturing: potential in cultivated meat production |
| title | Ultrafiltrated extracts of fermented okara as a possible serum alternative for cell culturing: potential in cultivated meat production |
| title_full | Ultrafiltrated extracts of fermented okara as a possible serum alternative for cell culturing: potential in cultivated meat production |
| title_fullStr | Ultrafiltrated extracts of fermented okara as a possible serum alternative for cell culturing: potential in cultivated meat production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrafiltrated extracts of fermented okara as a possible serum alternative for cell culturing: potential in cultivated meat production |
| title_short | Ultrafiltrated extracts of fermented okara as a possible serum alternative for cell culturing: potential in cultivated meat production |
| title_sort | ultrafiltrated extracts of fermented okara as a possible serum alternative for cell culturing potential in cultivated meat production |
| topic | Engineering::Bioengineering Animal Serum Cultivated Meat Production |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/170232 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tengtingshien ultrafiltratedextractsoffermentedokaraasapossibleserumalternativeforcellculturingpotentialincultivatedmeatproduction AT leejaslynjielin ultrafiltratedextractsoffermentedokaraasapossibleserumalternativeforcellculturingpotentialincultivatedmeatproduction AT chenweining ultrafiltratedextractsoffermentedokaraasapossibleserumalternativeforcellculturingpotentialincultivatedmeatproduction |