Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: resolving isomers with ion mobility - mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity
Halogenated BPA (XBPA) forms resulting from water chlorination can lead to increased toxicity and different biological effects. While previous studies have reported the occurrence of different XBPAs, analytical limitation have hindered the analysis and differentiation of the many potential isomeric...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2024
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/176117 |
| _version_ | 1826128628788756480 |
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| author | Dos Santos, Mauricius Marques Li, Caixia Jia, Shenglan Thomas, Mikael Gallard, Hervé Croué, Jean-Philippe Carato, Pascal Snyder, Shane Allen |
| author2 | Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute |
| author_facet | Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Dos Santos, Mauricius Marques Li, Caixia Jia, Shenglan Thomas, Mikael Gallard, Hervé Croué, Jean-Philippe Carato, Pascal Snyder, Shane Allen |
| author_sort | Dos Santos, Mauricius Marques |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Halogenated BPA (XBPA) forms resulting from water chlorination can lead to increased toxicity and different biological effects. While previous studies have reported the occurrence of different XBPAs, analytical limitation have hindered the analysis and differentiation of the many potential isomeric forms. Using online solid-phase extraction - liquid chromatography - ion-mobility - high-resolution mass spectrometry (OSPE-LC-IM-HRMS), we demonstrated a rapid analysis method for the analysis of XBPA forms after water chlorination, with a total analysis time of less than 10 min including extraction and concentration and low detection limits (∼5-80 ng/L range). A multi in-vitro bioassay testing approach for the identified products revealed that cytotoxicity and bioenergetics impacts were largely associated with the presence of halogen atoms at positions 2 or 2' and the overall number of halogens incorporated into the BPA molecule. Different XBPA also showed distinct impacts on oxidative stress, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma - PPARγ, and inflammatory response. While increased DNA damage was observed for chlorinated water samples (4.14 ± 1.21-fold change), the additive effect of the selected 20 XBPA studied could not explain the increased DNA damage observed, indicating that additional species or synergistic effects might be at play. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T07:28:03Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/176117 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T07:28:03Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1761172024-05-15T15:35:13Z Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: resolving isomers with ion mobility - mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity Dos Santos, Mauricius Marques Li, Caixia Jia, Shenglan Thomas, Mikael Gallard, Hervé Croué, Jean-Philippe Carato, Pascal Snyder, Shane Allen Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Earth and Environmental Sciences Chlorination Disinfection by-products Halogenated BPA (XBPA) forms resulting from water chlorination can lead to increased toxicity and different biological effects. While previous studies have reported the occurrence of different XBPAs, analytical limitation have hindered the analysis and differentiation of the many potential isomeric forms. Using online solid-phase extraction - liquid chromatography - ion-mobility - high-resolution mass spectrometry (OSPE-LC-IM-HRMS), we demonstrated a rapid analysis method for the analysis of XBPA forms after water chlorination, with a total analysis time of less than 10 min including extraction and concentration and low detection limits (∼5-80 ng/L range). A multi in-vitro bioassay testing approach for the identified products revealed that cytotoxicity and bioenergetics impacts were largely associated with the presence of halogen atoms at positions 2 or 2' and the overall number of halogens incorporated into the BPA molecule. Different XBPA also showed distinct impacts on oxidative stress, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma - PPARγ, and inflammatory response. While increased DNA damage was observed for chlorinated water samples (4.14 ± 1.21-fold change), the additive effect of the selected 20 XBPA studied could not explain the increased DNA damage observed, indicating that additional species or synergistic effects might be at play. National Research Foundation (NRF) Public Utilities Board (PUB) Published version This work is funded by National Research Foundation, Singapore, and PUB, under its RIE2025 USS (Water) Centre of Excellence (CoE) programme – RIE2025-CoE/NEWRI. Authors acknowledge and are thankful to Agilent Technologies for xCELLigence RTCA instrument and support through a research collaboration agreement (RCA-2019-0349). 2024-05-13T07:49:05Z 2024-05-13T07:49:05Z 2024 Journal Article Dos Santos, M. M., Li, C., Jia, S., Thomas, M., Gallard, H., Croué, J., Carato, P. & Snyder, S. A. (2024). Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: resolving isomers with ion mobility - mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 465, 133229-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133229 0304-3894 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/176117 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133229 38232544 2-s2.0-85182733177 465 133229 en RIE2025-CoE/NEWRI RCA-2019-0349 Journal of Hazardous Materials © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/). application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Earth and Environmental Sciences Chlorination Disinfection by-products Dos Santos, Mauricius Marques Li, Caixia Jia, Shenglan Thomas, Mikael Gallard, Hervé Croué, Jean-Philippe Carato, Pascal Snyder, Shane Allen Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: resolving isomers with ion mobility - mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity |
| title | Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: resolving isomers with ion mobility - mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity |
| title_full | Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: resolving isomers with ion mobility - mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity |
| title_fullStr | Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: resolving isomers with ion mobility - mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: resolving isomers with ion mobility - mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity |
| title_short | Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: resolving isomers with ion mobility - mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity |
| title_sort | formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol a bpa in water resolving isomers with ion mobility mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity |
| topic | Earth and Environmental Sciences Chlorination Disinfection by-products |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/176117 |
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