Converting ash into reusable slag at lower carbon footprint: vitrification of incineration bottom ash in MSW-fueled demonstration-scale slagging gasifier
Globally waste incineration is becoming the predominant treatment method of solid waste. The largest fraction of solid residue of this process is incineration bottom ash (IBA) requiring further treatment before applications such as in the construction industry become feasible. In this study, vitrifi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2024
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178103 |
| _version_ | 1811695339158110208 |
|---|---|
| author | Heberlein, Stephan Chan, Wei Ping Hupa, Leena Zhao, Ya Lisak, Grzegorz |
| author2 | School of Civil and Environmental Engineering |
| author_facet | School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Heberlein, Stephan Chan, Wei Ping Hupa, Leena Zhao, Ya Lisak, Grzegorz |
| author_sort | Heberlein, Stephan |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Globally waste incineration is becoming the predominant treatment method of solid waste. The largest fraction of solid residue of this process is incineration bottom ash (IBA) requiring further treatment before applications such as in the construction industry become feasible. In this study, vitrification of IBA was conducted in a demonstration-scale high-temperature slagging gasification plant fueled with MSW and biomass charcoal as a green auxiliary fuel. High IBA co-feeding rates of up to 491 kg/h (equivalent to 107% of MSW feeding rate) were achieved during the trials. A highly leaching-resistant slag immobilizing heavy metals in the glass-like amorphous structure and recyclable iron-rich metal granules were generated in the process. The heavy metal migration into the solid by-product fractions depended on the IBA feeding rates and process conditions such as cold cap temperature, charcoal-to-ash ratio, and gasifier temperature profile. Slaked lime and activated carbon powder were used in a dry flue gas treatment and stack gas emissions were kept well below Singapore's regulatory limits. Steam from the hot flue gas was generated in a boiler to drive a steam turbine. The application of biomass charcoal instead of fossil fuels or electricity lead to a lower carbon footprint compared to alternative vitrification technologies. The overall results reveal promising application of high temperature slagging gasification process for commercial-scale vitrification of IBA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T07:21:54Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/178103 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T07:21:54Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1781032024-06-05T02:03:52Z Converting ash into reusable slag at lower carbon footprint: vitrification of incineration bottom ash in MSW-fueled demonstration-scale slagging gasifier Heberlein, Stephan Chan, Wei Ping Hupa, Leena Zhao, Ya Lisak, Grzegorz School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre Engineering Ash melting Heavy metal leaching Globally waste incineration is becoming the predominant treatment method of solid waste. The largest fraction of solid residue of this process is incineration bottom ash (IBA) requiring further treatment before applications such as in the construction industry become feasible. In this study, vitrification of IBA was conducted in a demonstration-scale high-temperature slagging gasification plant fueled with MSW and biomass charcoal as a green auxiliary fuel. High IBA co-feeding rates of up to 491 kg/h (equivalent to 107% of MSW feeding rate) were achieved during the trials. A highly leaching-resistant slag immobilizing heavy metals in the glass-like amorphous structure and recyclable iron-rich metal granules were generated in the process. The heavy metal migration into the solid by-product fractions depended on the IBA feeding rates and process conditions such as cold cap temperature, charcoal-to-ash ratio, and gasifier temperature profile. Slaked lime and activated carbon powder were used in a dry flue gas treatment and stack gas emissions were kept well below Singapore's regulatory limits. Steam from the hot flue gas was generated in a boiler to drive a steam turbine. The application of biomass charcoal instead of fossil fuels or electricity lead to a lower carbon footprint compared to alternative vitrification technologies. The overall results reveal promising application of high temperature slagging gasification process for commercial-scale vitrification of IBA. National Research Foundation (NRF) Public Utilities Board (PUB) This research is supported by the National Research Foundation, Singapore, and PUB, Singapore's National Water Agency under its RIE2025 Urban Solutions and Sustainability (USS) (Water) Centre of Excellence (CoE) Programme which provides funding to the Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute (NEWRI) of the Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of National Research Foundation, Singapore and PUB, Singapore's National Water Agency. 2024-06-04T08:09:13Z 2024-06-04T08:09:13Z 2024 Journal Article Heberlein, S., Chan, W. P., Hupa, L., Zhao, Y. & Lisak, G. (2024). Converting ash into reusable slag at lower carbon footprint: vitrification of incineration bottom ash in MSW-fueled demonstration-scale slagging gasifier. Journal of Environmental Management, 352, 119967-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119967 0301-4797 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178103 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119967 38237332 2-s2.0-85182737399 352 119967 en Journal of Environmental Management © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| spellingShingle | Engineering Ash melting Heavy metal leaching Heberlein, Stephan Chan, Wei Ping Hupa, Leena Zhao, Ya Lisak, Grzegorz Converting ash into reusable slag at lower carbon footprint: vitrification of incineration bottom ash in MSW-fueled demonstration-scale slagging gasifier |
| title | Converting ash into reusable slag at lower carbon footprint: vitrification of incineration bottom ash in MSW-fueled demonstration-scale slagging gasifier |
| title_full | Converting ash into reusable slag at lower carbon footprint: vitrification of incineration bottom ash in MSW-fueled demonstration-scale slagging gasifier |
| title_fullStr | Converting ash into reusable slag at lower carbon footprint: vitrification of incineration bottom ash in MSW-fueled demonstration-scale slagging gasifier |
| title_full_unstemmed | Converting ash into reusable slag at lower carbon footprint: vitrification of incineration bottom ash in MSW-fueled demonstration-scale slagging gasifier |
| title_short | Converting ash into reusable slag at lower carbon footprint: vitrification of incineration bottom ash in MSW-fueled demonstration-scale slagging gasifier |
| title_sort | converting ash into reusable slag at lower carbon footprint vitrification of incineration bottom ash in msw fueled demonstration scale slagging gasifier |
| topic | Engineering Ash melting Heavy metal leaching |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178103 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT heberleinstephan convertingashintoreusableslagatlowercarbonfootprintvitrificationofincinerationbottomashinmswfueleddemonstrationscaleslagginggasifier AT chanweiping convertingashintoreusableslagatlowercarbonfootprintvitrificationofincinerationbottomashinmswfueleddemonstrationscaleslagginggasifier AT hupaleena convertingashintoreusableslagatlowercarbonfootprintvitrificationofincinerationbottomashinmswfueleddemonstrationscaleslagginggasifier AT zhaoya convertingashintoreusableslagatlowercarbonfootprintvitrificationofincinerationbottomashinmswfueleddemonstrationscaleslagginggasifier AT lisakgrzegorz convertingashintoreusableslagatlowercarbonfootprintvitrificationofincinerationbottomashinmswfueleddemonstrationscaleslagginggasifier |