Identification of hypoxia biomarkers in insulin-secreting microtissues for diabetes therapy
The global prevalence of people suffering from Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) have been on a continuous rise, posing as a significant concern given its incurable nature and association with life-threatening complications. Despite islet transplantation being able to help restore glucose homeostasis,...
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| Format: | Final Year Project (FYP) |
| Language: | English |
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Nanyang Technological University
2024
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178221 |
| _version_ | 1824455388400975872 |
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| author | Cheng, Trina Shinn Yinn |
| author2 | Dang Thuy Tram |
| author_facet | Dang Thuy Tram Cheng, Trina Shinn Yinn |
| author_sort | Cheng, Trina Shinn Yinn |
| collection | NTU |
| description | The global prevalence of people suffering from Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) have been on a continuous rise, posing as a significant concern given its incurable nature and association with life-threatening complications. Despite islet transplantation being able to help restore glucose homeostasis, its effectiveness is hindered by obstacles, such as limited islet availability and the requirement for long-term immunosuppressive drugs.
Immunoisolation presents as a promising approach to overcome the need for immunosuppression by introducing a shielding barrier. However, this barrier limits oxygen access to the cells, thereby causing a loss in beta cell viability. It has been found that toroid-shaped microtissues have improved cellular viability as compared to spheroid-shaped microtissues. It is hypothesised that this enhanced viability is due to improved oxygen accessibility facilitated by the toroidal geometry, potentially reducing hypoxia-induced apoptosis.
Hence, this study aims to identify suitable hypoxia-related biomarkers namely BAX, BCL-2, CHOP and HIF-1ɑ for the quantification of hypoxia at the genetic level. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used as a method to quantify the gene expression of these biomarkers. BAX and BCL-2 showed potential to be effective hypoxia biomarkers. HIF-1ɑ mRNA quantification suggests a lack of correspondence between the gene and protein expression of HIF-1ɑ. The mRNA quantification of CHOP showed significant attenuation under hypoxia, which does not align with expected outcome. Additional timepoints and expanding sample size can be explored to obtain a more accurate understanding of the dynamics of the gene expression of hypoxia-related biomarkers in response to hypoxia. |
| first_indexed | 2025-02-19T03:37:25Z |
| format | Final Year Project (FYP) |
| id | ntu-10356/178221 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-19T03:37:25Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Nanyang Technological University |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1782212024-06-07T15:32:04Z Identification of hypoxia biomarkers in insulin-secreting microtissues for diabetes therapy Cheng, Trina Shinn Yinn Dang Thuy Tram School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology TTDang@ntu.edu.sg Engineering Bioengineering The global prevalence of people suffering from Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) have been on a continuous rise, posing as a significant concern given its incurable nature and association with life-threatening complications. Despite islet transplantation being able to help restore glucose homeostasis, its effectiveness is hindered by obstacles, such as limited islet availability and the requirement for long-term immunosuppressive drugs. Immunoisolation presents as a promising approach to overcome the need for immunosuppression by introducing a shielding barrier. However, this barrier limits oxygen access to the cells, thereby causing a loss in beta cell viability. It has been found that toroid-shaped microtissues have improved cellular viability as compared to spheroid-shaped microtissues. It is hypothesised that this enhanced viability is due to improved oxygen accessibility facilitated by the toroidal geometry, potentially reducing hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Hence, this study aims to identify suitable hypoxia-related biomarkers namely BAX, BCL-2, CHOP and HIF-1ɑ for the quantification of hypoxia at the genetic level. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used as a method to quantify the gene expression of these biomarkers. BAX and BCL-2 showed potential to be effective hypoxia biomarkers. HIF-1ɑ mRNA quantification suggests a lack of correspondence between the gene and protein expression of HIF-1ɑ. The mRNA quantification of CHOP showed significant attenuation under hypoxia, which does not align with expected outcome. Additional timepoints and expanding sample size can be explored to obtain a more accurate understanding of the dynamics of the gene expression of hypoxia-related biomarkers in response to hypoxia. Bachelor's degree 2024-06-06T05:14:24Z 2024-06-06T05:14:24Z 2024 Final Year Project (FYP) Cheng, T. S. Y. (2024). Identification of hypoxia biomarkers in insulin-secreting microtissues for diabetes therapy. Final Year Project (FYP), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178221 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178221 en application/pdf Nanyang Technological University |
| spellingShingle | Engineering Bioengineering Cheng, Trina Shinn Yinn Identification of hypoxia biomarkers in insulin-secreting microtissues for diabetes therapy |
| title | Identification of hypoxia biomarkers in insulin-secreting microtissues for diabetes therapy |
| title_full | Identification of hypoxia biomarkers in insulin-secreting microtissues for diabetes therapy |
| title_fullStr | Identification of hypoxia biomarkers in insulin-secreting microtissues for diabetes therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of hypoxia biomarkers in insulin-secreting microtissues for diabetes therapy |
| title_short | Identification of hypoxia biomarkers in insulin-secreting microtissues for diabetes therapy |
| title_sort | identification of hypoxia biomarkers in insulin secreting microtissues for diabetes therapy |
| topic | Engineering Bioengineering |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178221 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chengtrinashinnyinn identificationofhypoxiabiomarkersininsulinsecretingmicrotissuesfordiabetestherapy |