The preservation of storm events in the geologic record of New Jersey, USA
Geologic reconstructions of overwash events can extend storm records beyond the brief instrumental record. However, the return periods of storms calculated from geologic records alone may underestimate the frequency of events given the preservation bias of geologic records. Here, we compare a geolog...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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2024
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178964 |
| _version_ | 1826122552846581760 |
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| author | Joyse, Kristen M. Walker, Jennifer S. Godfrey, Linda Christie, Margaret A. Shaw, Timothy Adam Corbett, D. Reide Kopp, Robert E. Horton, Benjamin Peter |
| author2 | Asian School of the Environment |
| author_facet | Asian School of the Environment Joyse, Kristen M. Walker, Jennifer S. Godfrey, Linda Christie, Margaret A. Shaw, Timothy Adam Corbett, D. Reide Kopp, Robert E. Horton, Benjamin Peter |
| author_sort | Joyse, Kristen M. |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Geologic reconstructions of overwash events can extend storm records beyond the brief instrumental record. However, the return periods of storms calculated from geologic records alone may underestimate the frequency of events given the preservation bias of geologic records. Here, we compare a geologic reconstruction of storm activity from a salt marsh in New Jersey to two neighboring instrumental records at the Sandy Hook and Battery tide gauges. Eight overwash deposits were identified within the marsh's stratigraphy by their fan-shaped morphology and coarser mean grain size (3.6 ± 0.7 φ) compared to autochthonous sediments they were embedded in (5.6 ± 0.8 φ). We used an age–depth model based on modern chronohorizons and three radiocarbon dates to provide age constraints for the overwash deposits. Seven of the overwash deposits were attributed to historical storms, including the youngest overwash deposit from Hurricane Sandy in 2012. The four youngest overwash deposits overlap with instrumental records. In contrast, the Sandy Hook and Battery tide gauges recorded eight and 11 extreme water levels above the 10% annual expected probability (AEP) of exceedance level, respectively, between 1932/1920 and the present. The geologic record in northern New Jersey, therefore, has a 36–50% preservation potential of capturing extreme water levels above the 10% AEP level. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T05:50:21Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/178964 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T05:50:21Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/1789642024-07-16T01:31:32Z The preservation of storm events in the geologic record of New Jersey, USA Joyse, Kristen M. Walker, Jennifer S. Godfrey, Linda Christie, Margaret A. Shaw, Timothy Adam Corbett, D. Reide Kopp, Robert E. Horton, Benjamin Peter Asian School of the Environment Earth Observatory of Singapore Earth and Environmental Sciences Extreme water levels Overwash deposit Geologic reconstructions of overwash events can extend storm records beyond the brief instrumental record. However, the return periods of storms calculated from geologic records alone may underestimate the frequency of events given the preservation bias of geologic records. Here, we compare a geologic reconstruction of storm activity from a salt marsh in New Jersey to two neighboring instrumental records at the Sandy Hook and Battery tide gauges. Eight overwash deposits were identified within the marsh's stratigraphy by their fan-shaped morphology and coarser mean grain size (3.6 ± 0.7 φ) compared to autochthonous sediments they were embedded in (5.6 ± 0.8 φ). We used an age–depth model based on modern chronohorizons and three radiocarbon dates to provide age constraints for the overwash deposits. Seven of the overwash deposits were attributed to historical storms, including the youngest overwash deposit from Hurricane Sandy in 2012. The four youngest overwash deposits overlap with instrumental records. In contrast, the Sandy Hook and Battery tide gauges recorded eight and 11 extreme water levels above the 10% annual expected probability (AEP) of exceedance level, respectively, between 1932/1920 and the present. The geologic record in northern New Jersey, therefore, has a 36–50% preservation potential of capturing extreme water levels above the 10% AEP level. Ministry of Education (MOE) Published version KMJ and REK were supported by grants from the US National Science Foundation (DGE\u20101633557, ICER\u20101663807, OCE\u20101804999, ICER\u20102103754, the last as part of the Megalopolitan Coastal Transformation Hub). KMJ, TAS and BPH were funded by the Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund MOE2019\u2010T3\u20101\u2010004. This work is Earth Observatory of Singapore contribution 598. The authors acknowledge PALSEA, a working group of the International Union for Quaternary Sciences (INQUA) and Past Global Changes (PAGES), which in turn received support from the Swiss Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. 2024-07-15T00:55:26Z 2024-07-15T00:55:26Z 2024 Journal Article Joyse, K. M., Walker, J. S., Godfrey, L., Christie, M. A., Shaw, T. A., Corbett, D. R., Kopp, R. E. & Horton, B. P. (2024). The preservation of storm events in the geologic record of New Jersey, USA. Journal of Quaternary Science, 39(5), 801-815. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3622 0267-8179 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178964 10.1002/jqs.3622 2-s2.0-85193331144 5 39 801 815 en MOE2019\u2010T3\u20101\u2010004 Journal of Quaternary Science 10.21979/N9/6JKDVG © 2024 The Authors. Journal of Quaternary Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Earth and Environmental Sciences Extreme water levels Overwash deposit Joyse, Kristen M. Walker, Jennifer S. Godfrey, Linda Christie, Margaret A. Shaw, Timothy Adam Corbett, D. Reide Kopp, Robert E. Horton, Benjamin Peter The preservation of storm events in the geologic record of New Jersey, USA |
| title | The preservation of storm events in the geologic record of New Jersey, USA |
| title_full | The preservation of storm events in the geologic record of New Jersey, USA |
| title_fullStr | The preservation of storm events in the geologic record of New Jersey, USA |
| title_full_unstemmed | The preservation of storm events in the geologic record of New Jersey, USA |
| title_short | The preservation of storm events in the geologic record of New Jersey, USA |
| title_sort | preservation of storm events in the geologic record of new jersey usa |
| topic | Earth and Environmental Sciences Extreme water levels Overwash deposit |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/178964 |
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