| Summary: | 南中国海自19世纪开始便长期陷入主权争议至今。1952年《中日和平条约》的签署，不但令南沙群岛与西沙群岛陷入主权未定论的状态，而且还导致该争议从业已复杂的两岸问题扩大成国际问题。尽管争端国于2002年《南海各方行为宣言》中达致以和平方式解决争议以及避免争议复杂化的共识，然而各种违背宣言的举动依然层出不穷。南海主权的争议局势因而越演越烈。本文拟从国际法原理着手，主要通过领土主权和海洋法原则分析南海最具争议性的区域——南沙群岛的主权争议，以对《南海各方行为宣言》何以形同虚设的原因作出分析。同时，本文将改善过去以国家为分析单位的研究模式，而欲以议题研究的方式来论析南沙群岛主权争议的历时与共时面向，从而纠出其实质问题。The South China Sea has long been involved in sovereignty disputes since nineteenth century. The Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty, which was concluded in 1952, not only resulted in the uncertainty of sovereign status of the Paracel and Spratly Islands, but also internationalized the issue intensively. In 2002, the singing of the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea saw conflict parties undertaking obligations to resolve the territorial disputes by peaceful means, and to refrain from any activities that would complicate it further. However, the Declaration still failed to prevent the escalating confrontation between the conflict parties.
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