| Summary: | 本研究主要通过三项实验考察马来西亚华语中名类量词使用与名类量词理解的情况：实验一“找找乐”涉及10名成人和10名7岁孩童，考察被试在半自然语境下的名类量词使用情况；实验二“量词用一用”与实验三“量词认一认”涉及72名来自槟城、吉隆坡和新山的7岁至12岁孩童，前者考察被试在正规要求说出名类量词语境下的量词使用情况，后者则考察名类量词理解情况。据所收集的名类量词使用语料，重点分析“个化”、“名类量词生成”、“一名多量”、“物件数量变多时名类量词改用‘个’的情况”和“槟城、吉隆坡、新山三地的名类量词使用特色”五种现象，辅以统计检验各变量（年龄、性别、学业成绩、方言能力、居住地）的影响；量词理解方面，则重点分析“专用名类量词和形状名类量词的理解”和“量名搭配的隐性条件”两方面，辅以统计检验各变量的影响。综观以上种种现象，我们发现人类对事物的认知无论在名类量词习得、名类量词理解还是名类量词使用都扮演着举足轻重的角色，认知能力与认知角度足以构成语言的变化。本研究所获得的语料和由此引申的分析结果料将对语言与认知、语言与社会、名类量词习得、马来西亚华语等方面的讨论有益。 The main aim of this research is to study Malaysian Chinese speakers’ use and understanding of Chinese noun classifiers. Three experiments were conducted: Experiment 1 “Looking for Fun” was designed to observe how adults and 7-year-old children use Chinese noun classifiers within a semi-natural context; Experiment 2 “Use Classifiers” and Experiment 3 “Choose A Noun for A Classifier” were designed to find out how 7-to-12-year-old children from Penang, Kuala Lumpur, and Johor Bahru use Chinese noun classifiers in a formal context and comprehend Chinese noun classifiers respectively. The first part of this thesis discusses the overuse of ge, the production of Chinese noun classifiers, the phenomenon of one noun associated with multiple classifiers, switching to the use of ge when the quantity of things increases, and other distinct features of Chinese noun classifier usage found in Penang, Kuala Lumpur, and Johor Bahru. In the second part of the thesis, specific classifiers, shape classifiers and the implicit requirements for Chinese noun classifiers to be associated with nouns are discussed on the basis of the analysis of speakers’ comprehension of noun classifiers. Both parts of the thesis include statistical analysis of various variables, such as age group, gender, academic performance, dialect-speaking ability, and residence regions.
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