Leptospirosis among returned travelers : a GeoSentinel site survey and multicenter analysis—1997–2016
Leptospirosis is a potentially fatal emerging zoonosis with worldwide distribution and a broad range of clinical presentations and exposure risks. It typically affects vulnerable populations in (sub)tropical countries but is increasingly reported in travelers as well. Diagnostic methods are cumberso...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2018
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/87974 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/45589 |
| _version_ | 1826116768524926976 |
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| author | de Vries, Sophia G. Visser, Benjamin J. Stoney, Rhett J. Wagenaar, Jiri F. P. Bottieau, Emmanuel Chen, Lin H. Wilder-Smith, Annelies Wilson, Mary Rapp, Christophe Leder, Karin Caumes, Eric Schwartz, Eli Hynes, Noreen A. Goorhuis, Abraham Esposito, Douglas H. Hamer, Davidson H. Grobusch, Martin P. |
| author2 | Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine) |
| author_facet | Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine) de Vries, Sophia G. Visser, Benjamin J. Stoney, Rhett J. Wagenaar, Jiri F. P. Bottieau, Emmanuel Chen, Lin H. Wilder-Smith, Annelies Wilson, Mary Rapp, Christophe Leder, Karin Caumes, Eric Schwartz, Eli Hynes, Noreen A. Goorhuis, Abraham Esposito, Douglas H. Hamer, Davidson H. Grobusch, Martin P. |
| author_sort | de Vries, Sophia G. |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Leptospirosis is a potentially fatal emerging zoonosis with worldwide distribution and a broad range of clinical presentations and exposure risks. It typically affects vulnerable populations in (sub)tropical countries but is increasingly reported in travelers as well. Diagnostic methods are cumbersome and require further improvement. Here, we describe leptospirosis among travelers presenting to the GeoSentinel Global Surveillance Network. We performed a descriptive analysis of leptospirosis cases reported in GeoSentinel from January 1997 through December 2016. We included 180 travelers with leptospirosis (mostly male; 74%; mostly tourists; 81%). The most frequent region of infection was Southeast Asia (52%); the most common source countries were Thailand (N = 52), Costa Rica (N = 13), Indonesia, and Laos (N = 11 each). Fifty-nine percent were hospitalized; one fatality was reported. We also distributed a supplemental survey to GeoSentinel sites to assess clinical and diagnostic practices. Of 56 GeoSentinel sites, three-quarters responded to the survey. Leptospirosis was reported to have been most frequently considered in febrile travelers with hepatic and renal abnormalities and a history of freshwater exposure. Serology was the most commonly used diagnostic method, although convalescent samples were reported to have been collected infrequently. Within GeoSentinel, leptospirosis was diagnosed mostly among international tourists and caused serious illness. Clinical suspicion and diagnostic workup among surveyed GeoSentinel clinicians were mainly triggered by a classical presentation and exposure history, possibly resulting in underdiagnosis. Suboptimal usage of available diagnostic methods may have resulted in additional missed, or misdiagnosed, cases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T04:17:05Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/87974 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T04:17:05Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/879742020-11-01T05:17:00Z Leptospirosis among returned travelers : a GeoSentinel site survey and multicenter analysis—1997–2016 de Vries, Sophia G. Visser, Benjamin J. Stoney, Rhett J. Wagenaar, Jiri F. P. Bottieau, Emmanuel Chen, Lin H. Wilder-Smith, Annelies Wilson, Mary Rapp, Christophe Leder, Karin Caumes, Eric Schwartz, Eli Hynes, Noreen A. Goorhuis, Abraham Esposito, Douglas H. Hamer, Davidson H. Grobusch, Martin P. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine) Leptospirosis Returned Travelers DRNTU::Science::Medicine Leptospirosis is a potentially fatal emerging zoonosis with worldwide distribution and a broad range of clinical presentations and exposure risks. It typically affects vulnerable populations in (sub)tropical countries but is increasingly reported in travelers as well. Diagnostic methods are cumbersome and require further improvement. Here, we describe leptospirosis among travelers presenting to the GeoSentinel Global Surveillance Network. We performed a descriptive analysis of leptospirosis cases reported in GeoSentinel from January 1997 through December 2016. We included 180 travelers with leptospirosis (mostly male; 74%; mostly tourists; 81%). The most frequent region of infection was Southeast Asia (52%); the most common source countries were Thailand (N = 52), Costa Rica (N = 13), Indonesia, and Laos (N = 11 each). Fifty-nine percent were hospitalized; one fatality was reported. We also distributed a supplemental survey to GeoSentinel sites to assess clinical and diagnostic practices. Of 56 GeoSentinel sites, three-quarters responded to the survey. Leptospirosis was reported to have been most frequently considered in febrile travelers with hepatic and renal abnormalities and a history of freshwater exposure. Serology was the most commonly used diagnostic method, although convalescent samples were reported to have been collected infrequently. Within GeoSentinel, leptospirosis was diagnosed mostly among international tourists and caused serious illness. Clinical suspicion and diagnostic workup among surveyed GeoSentinel clinicians were mainly triggered by a classical presentation and exposure history, possibly resulting in underdiagnosis. Suboptimal usage of available diagnostic methods may have resulted in additional missed, or misdiagnosed, cases. Published version 2018-08-17T06:20:37Z 2019-12-06T16:53:18Z 2018-08-17T06:20:37Z 2019-12-06T16:53:18Z 2018 Journal Article de Vries, S. G., Visser, B. J., Stoney, R. J., Wagenaar, J. F. P., Bottieau, E., Chen, L. H., et al. (2018). Leptospirosis among returned travelers : a GeoSentinel site survey and multicenter analysis—1997–2016. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 99(1), 127-135. 0002-9637 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/87974 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/45589 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0020 en The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene © 2018 The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. This paper was published in The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene and is made available as an electronic reprint (preprint) with permission of The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. The published version is available at: [http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0020]. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic or multiple reproduction, distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper is prohibited and is subject to penalties under law. 9 p. application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Leptospirosis Returned Travelers DRNTU::Science::Medicine de Vries, Sophia G. Visser, Benjamin J. Stoney, Rhett J. Wagenaar, Jiri F. P. Bottieau, Emmanuel Chen, Lin H. Wilder-Smith, Annelies Wilson, Mary Rapp, Christophe Leder, Karin Caumes, Eric Schwartz, Eli Hynes, Noreen A. Goorhuis, Abraham Esposito, Douglas H. Hamer, Davidson H. Grobusch, Martin P. Leptospirosis among returned travelers : a GeoSentinel site survey and multicenter analysis—1997–2016 |
| title | Leptospirosis among returned travelers : a GeoSentinel site survey and multicenter analysis—1997–2016 |
| title_full | Leptospirosis among returned travelers : a GeoSentinel site survey and multicenter analysis—1997–2016 |
| title_fullStr | Leptospirosis among returned travelers : a GeoSentinel site survey and multicenter analysis—1997–2016 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Leptospirosis among returned travelers : a GeoSentinel site survey and multicenter analysis—1997–2016 |
| title_short | Leptospirosis among returned travelers : a GeoSentinel site survey and multicenter analysis—1997–2016 |
| title_sort | leptospirosis among returned travelers a geosentinel site survey and multicenter analysis 1997 2016 |
| topic | Leptospirosis Returned Travelers DRNTU::Science::Medicine |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/87974 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/45589 |
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