Teleseismic waveform complexities caused by near trench structures and their impacts on earthquake source study : application to the 2015 Illapel aftershocks (Central Chile)
The complex near trench velocity structures, characterized by strongly varying bathymetry along with seawater, can produce substantial waveform complexities for near trench earthquakes, which makes it difficult to study earthquake source parameters through waveform modeling/inversion. Here we explor...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/89848 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/49337 |
| _version_ | 1811695964795174912 |
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| author | Qian, Yunyi Wei, Shengji Wu, Wenbo Zeng, Hongyu Coudurier‐Curveur, Aurélie Ni, Sidao |
| author2 | Asian School of the Environment |
| author_facet | Asian School of the Environment Qian, Yunyi Wei, Shengji Wu, Wenbo Zeng, Hongyu Coudurier‐Curveur, Aurélie Ni, Sidao |
| author_sort | Qian, Yunyi |
| collection | NTU |
| description | The complex near trench velocity structures, characterized by strongly varying bathymetry along with seawater, can produce substantial waveform complexities for near trench earthquakes, which makes it difficult to study earthquake source parameters through waveform modeling/inversion. Here we explore these wavefield complexities via modeling teleseismic records of a Mw6.6 near coast event and a Mw6.8 near trench event in the 2015 Illapel earthquake sequence. For the near coast event, the waveforms of direct P waves at teleseismic/diffracted distances are simple, and we obtain consistent source parameters between 1D regional and teleseismic waveform inversions. In contrast, the near trench event produces stronger and longer P coda waves (>100 s), resulting in many dramatic discrepancies between the regional and teleseismic inversions, in particular for the centroid depth. We adopt a spectral element method‐direct solution method hybrid approach to simulate synthetics with the complex source‐side 3‐D structures (bathymetry and water layer in this case) and investigate their roles in the genesis of strong P coda waves. Compared with the 1‐ and 2‐D synthetics, the 3‐D synthetics significantly improve the waveform fits up to 0.1 Hz when the source is placed at the preferred horizontal (~30 km from the trench axis) and vertical (~5 km beneath the ocean bottom) location. The refined location of the earthquake indicates that the plate interface is probably locked at very shallow depths and capable of nucleating strong earthquakes. We highlight the need for considering near trench 3‐D structures in seismic waveform analysis of near trench earthquakes, many of which are tsunamigenic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T07:31:50Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/89848 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T07:31:50Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/898482020-09-26T21:35:45Z Teleseismic waveform complexities caused by near trench structures and their impacts on earthquake source study : application to the 2015 Illapel aftershocks (Central Chile) Qian, Yunyi Wei, Shengji Wu, Wenbo Zeng, Hongyu Coudurier‐Curveur, Aurélie Ni, Sidao Asian School of the Environment Earth Observatory of Singapore Teleseismic Waveform Near Trench Structures Science::Geology The complex near trench velocity structures, characterized by strongly varying bathymetry along with seawater, can produce substantial waveform complexities for near trench earthquakes, which makes it difficult to study earthquake source parameters through waveform modeling/inversion. Here we explore these wavefield complexities via modeling teleseismic records of a Mw6.6 near coast event and a Mw6.8 near trench event in the 2015 Illapel earthquake sequence. For the near coast event, the waveforms of direct P waves at teleseismic/diffracted distances are simple, and we obtain consistent source parameters between 1D regional and teleseismic waveform inversions. In contrast, the near trench event produces stronger and longer P coda waves (>100 s), resulting in many dramatic discrepancies between the regional and teleseismic inversions, in particular for the centroid depth. We adopt a spectral element method‐direct solution method hybrid approach to simulate synthetics with the complex source‐side 3‐D structures (bathymetry and water layer in this case) and investigate their roles in the genesis of strong P coda waves. Compared with the 1‐ and 2‐D synthetics, the 3‐D synthetics significantly improve the waveform fits up to 0.1 Hz when the source is placed at the preferred horizontal (~30 km from the trench axis) and vertical (~5 km beneath the ocean bottom) location. The refined location of the earthquake indicates that the plate interface is probably locked at very shallow depths and capable of nucleating strong earthquakes. We highlight the need for considering near trench 3‐D structures in seismic waveform analysis of near trench earthquakes, many of which are tsunamigenic. Published version 2019-07-15T02:08:50Z 2019-12-06T17:34:58Z 2019-07-15T02:08:50Z 2019-12-06T17:34:58Z 2019 Journal Article Qian, Y., Wei, S., Wu, W., Zeng, H., Coudurier‐Curveur, A., & Ni, S. (2019). Teleseismic waveform complexities caused by near trench structures and their impacts on earthquake source study : application to the 2015 Illapel aftershocks (Central Chile). Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124(1), 870-889. doi:10.1029/2018JB016143 2169-9356 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/89848 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/49337 10.1029/2018JB016143 en Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth © 2019 American Geophysical Union. All rights reserved. This paper was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth and is made available with permission of American Geophysical Union. 20 p. application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Teleseismic Waveform Near Trench Structures Science::Geology Qian, Yunyi Wei, Shengji Wu, Wenbo Zeng, Hongyu Coudurier‐Curveur, Aurélie Ni, Sidao Teleseismic waveform complexities caused by near trench structures and their impacts on earthquake source study : application to the 2015 Illapel aftershocks (Central Chile) |
| title | Teleseismic waveform complexities caused by near trench structures and their impacts on earthquake source study : application to the 2015 Illapel aftershocks (Central Chile) |
| title_full | Teleseismic waveform complexities caused by near trench structures and their impacts on earthquake source study : application to the 2015 Illapel aftershocks (Central Chile) |
| title_fullStr | Teleseismic waveform complexities caused by near trench structures and their impacts on earthquake source study : application to the 2015 Illapel aftershocks (Central Chile) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Teleseismic waveform complexities caused by near trench structures and their impacts on earthquake source study : application to the 2015 Illapel aftershocks (Central Chile) |
| title_short | Teleseismic waveform complexities caused by near trench structures and their impacts on earthquake source study : application to the 2015 Illapel aftershocks (Central Chile) |
| title_sort | teleseismic waveform complexities caused by near trench structures and their impacts on earthquake source study application to the 2015 illapel aftershocks central chile |
| topic | Teleseismic Waveform Near Trench Structures Science::Geology |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/89848 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/49337 |
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