Short time scales of magmatic assimilation from diffusion modeling of multiple elements in olivine

Open-system processes have a large capacity to modify magma compositions during differentiation. Obtaining the rates of such processes is essential to understanding and constraining the evolution of magmatic systems. Here we quantify the time scales for magmatic assimilation of hydrous mafic to ultr...

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Main Authors: Costa, Fidel, Dungan, Michael
Other Authors: School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: 2012
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/95062
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/8720
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author Costa, Fidel
Dungan, Michael
author2 School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
author_facet School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
Costa, Fidel
Dungan, Michael
author_sort Costa, Fidel
collection NTU
description Open-system processes have a large capacity to modify magma compositions during differentiation. Obtaining the rates of such processes is essential to understanding and constraining the evolution of magmatic systems. Here we quantify the time scales for magmatic assimilation of hydrous mafic to ultramafic cumulates by ascending basalts using the zoning patterns of olivine xenocrysts. Robust diffusion modeling results have been obtained by treating multiple compositional profiles for multiple elements (Fe-Mg, Ni, Mn, Ca) on multiple crystals from multiple flows. We find that the time between assimilation and eruption ranges from a few months to ∼25 yr, although 80% of the results are <10 yr. These ranges are shorter than either magma transport times from the mantle to the surface or typical repose periods of arc volcanoes. Thus, modification of the geochemical and mineralogical features of basalts by assimilation of plutonic rocks is a fast and probably unavoidable magmatic process.
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spelling ntu-10356/950622020-03-07T12:37:19Z Short time scales of magmatic assimilation from diffusion modeling of multiple elements in olivine Costa, Fidel Dungan, Michael School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences DRNTU::Science::Geology Open-system processes have a large capacity to modify magma compositions during differentiation. Obtaining the rates of such processes is essential to understanding and constraining the evolution of magmatic systems. Here we quantify the time scales for magmatic assimilation of hydrous mafic to ultramafic cumulates by ascending basalts using the zoning patterns of olivine xenocrysts. Robust diffusion modeling results have been obtained by treating multiple compositional profiles for multiple elements (Fe-Mg, Ni, Mn, Ca) on multiple crystals from multiple flows. We find that the time between assimilation and eruption ranges from a few months to ∼25 yr, although 80% of the results are <10 yr. These ranges are shorter than either magma transport times from the mantle to the surface or typical repose periods of arc volcanoes. Thus, modification of the geochemical and mineralogical features of basalts by assimilation of plutonic rocks is a fast and probably unavoidable magmatic process. 2012-10-08T06:08:19Z 2019-12-06T19:07:32Z 2012-10-08T06:08:19Z 2019-12-06T19:07:32Z 2005 2005 Journal Article Costa, F., & Dungan, M. (2005) Short time scales of magmatic assimilation from diffusion modeling of multiple elements in olivine. Geology, 33(10), 837-840. 0091-7613 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/95062 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/8720 10.1130/G21675.1 en Geology © 2005 Geological Society of America.
spellingShingle DRNTU::Science::Geology
Costa, Fidel
Dungan, Michael
Short time scales of magmatic assimilation from diffusion modeling of multiple elements in olivine
title Short time scales of magmatic assimilation from diffusion modeling of multiple elements in olivine
title_full Short time scales of magmatic assimilation from diffusion modeling of multiple elements in olivine
title_fullStr Short time scales of magmatic assimilation from diffusion modeling of multiple elements in olivine
title_full_unstemmed Short time scales of magmatic assimilation from diffusion modeling of multiple elements in olivine
title_short Short time scales of magmatic assimilation from diffusion modeling of multiple elements in olivine
title_sort short time scales of magmatic assimilation from diffusion modeling of multiple elements in olivine
topic DRNTU::Science::Geology
url https://hdl.handle.net/10356/95062
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/8720
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AT dunganmichael shorttimescalesofmagmaticassimilationfromdiffusionmodelingofmultipleelementsinolivine