Why muscle is an efficient shock absorber
Skeletal muscles power body movement by converting free energy of ATP hydrolysis into mechanical work. During the landing phase of running or jumping some activated skeletal muscles are subjected to stretch. Upon stretch they absorb body energy quickly and effectively thus protecting joints and bone...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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2014
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/97373 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/19605 |
| _version_ | 1826112445967499264 |
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| author | Bershitsky, Sergey Y. Koubassova, Natalia A. Kopylova, Galina V. Fernandez, Manuel Narayanan, Theyencheri Tsaturyan, Andrey K. Ferenczi, Michael Alan |
| author2 | Csernoch, Laszlo |
| author_facet | Csernoch, Laszlo Bershitsky, Sergey Y. Koubassova, Natalia A. Kopylova, Galina V. Fernandez, Manuel Narayanan, Theyencheri Tsaturyan, Andrey K. Ferenczi, Michael Alan |
| author_sort | Bershitsky, Sergey Y. |
| collection | NTU |
| description | Skeletal muscles power body movement by converting free energy of ATP hydrolysis into mechanical work. During the landing phase of running or jumping some activated skeletal muscles are subjected to stretch. Upon stretch they absorb body energy quickly and effectively thus protecting joints and bones from impact damage. This is achieved because during lengthening, skeletal muscle bears higher force and has higher instantaneous stiffness than during isometric contraction, and yet consumes very little ATP. We wish to understand how the actomyosin molecules change their structure and interaction to implement these physiologically useful mechanical and thermodynamical properties. We monitored changes in the low angle x-ray diffraction pattern of rabbit skeletal muscle fibers during ramp stretch compared to those during isometric contraction at physiological temperature using synchrotron radiation. The intensities of the off-meridional layer lines and fine interference structure of the meridional M3 myosin x-ray reflection were resolved. Mechanical and structural data show that upon stretch the fraction of actin-bound myosin heads is higher than during isometric contraction. On the other hand, the intensities of the actin layer lines are lower than during isometric contraction. Taken together, these results suggest that during stretch, a significant fraction of actin-bound heads is bound non-stereo-specifically, i.e. they are disordered azimuthally although stiff axially. As the strong or stereo-specific myosin binding to actin is necessary for actin activation of the myosin ATPase, this finding explains the low metabolic cost of energy absorption by muscle during the landing phase of locomotion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-10-01T03:07:08Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | ntu-10356/97373 |
| institution | Nanyang Technological University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-10-01T03:07:08Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ntu-10356/973732022-02-16T16:26:58Z Why muscle is an efficient shock absorber Bershitsky, Sergey Y. Koubassova, Natalia A. Kopylova, Galina V. Fernandez, Manuel Narayanan, Theyencheri Tsaturyan, Andrey K. Ferenczi, Michael Alan Csernoch, Laszlo Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine) DRNTU::Engineering::Mechanical engineering Skeletal muscles power body movement by converting free energy of ATP hydrolysis into mechanical work. During the landing phase of running or jumping some activated skeletal muscles are subjected to stretch. Upon stretch they absorb body energy quickly and effectively thus protecting joints and bones from impact damage. This is achieved because during lengthening, skeletal muscle bears higher force and has higher instantaneous stiffness than during isometric contraction, and yet consumes very little ATP. We wish to understand how the actomyosin molecules change their structure and interaction to implement these physiologically useful mechanical and thermodynamical properties. We monitored changes in the low angle x-ray diffraction pattern of rabbit skeletal muscle fibers during ramp stretch compared to those during isometric contraction at physiological temperature using synchrotron radiation. The intensities of the off-meridional layer lines and fine interference structure of the meridional M3 myosin x-ray reflection were resolved. Mechanical and structural data show that upon stretch the fraction of actin-bound myosin heads is higher than during isometric contraction. On the other hand, the intensities of the actin layer lines are lower than during isometric contraction. Taken together, these results suggest that during stretch, a significant fraction of actin-bound heads is bound non-stereo-specifically, i.e. they are disordered azimuthally although stiff axially. As the strong or stereo-specific myosin binding to actin is necessary for actin activation of the myosin ATPase, this finding explains the low metabolic cost of energy absorption by muscle during the landing phase of locomotion. Published version 2014-06-10T03:09:08Z 2019-12-06T19:41:58Z 2014-06-10T03:09:08Z 2019-12-06T19:41:58Z 2014 2014 Journal Article Ferenczi, M. A., Bershitsky, S. Y., Koubassova, N. A., Kopylova, G. V., Fernandez, M., Narayanan, T., et al. (2014). Why Muscle is an Efficient Shock Absorber. PLoS ONE, 9(1), e85739-. 1932-6203 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/97373 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/19605 10.1371/journal.pone.0085739 24465673 en PLoS ONE © 2014 Ferenczi et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | DRNTU::Engineering::Mechanical engineering Bershitsky, Sergey Y. Koubassova, Natalia A. Kopylova, Galina V. Fernandez, Manuel Narayanan, Theyencheri Tsaturyan, Andrey K. Ferenczi, Michael Alan Why muscle is an efficient shock absorber |
| title | Why muscle is an efficient shock absorber |
| title_full | Why muscle is an efficient shock absorber |
| title_fullStr | Why muscle is an efficient shock absorber |
| title_full_unstemmed | Why muscle is an efficient shock absorber |
| title_short | Why muscle is an efficient shock absorber |
| title_sort | why muscle is an efficient shock absorber |
| topic | DRNTU::Engineering::Mechanical engineering |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/97373 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/19605 |
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