| Summary: | Background:Melasma is one of the most common hyperpigmentation lesions. About 5
million Americans suffer from it, and contributed on 45,9 percent of patients at the DVoutpatient
clinic on DrMoewardi. The pathogenesis of melasma is still uncertain. Hormonal
factors, genetic, and ultraviolet radiation (UV) widely cited by the literatures as the most
important etiopathologic factors of melasma. The controversies of those are still in debate.
Basal estradiol levels regarded as estrogen levels with the highest potential activity for
melanogenesis, melanositosis, and deposition of melanin pigment. Basal estradiol also has
known to have a narrow range of variation, thus benefiting reduce research bias. The study is
expected to clarify the etiopathologymelasma by hormonal factors, especially estrogen.
Methods: Observational analytic study using a case controldesign. Estrogen levels are
determined by examination of basal estradiol levels. Blood serum samples were taken from
one-time pick-up between the 2
nd
day until the 5
th
day of menstrual period. Then it will be
quantitatified by ELISA. Statistical analysis was done by using the parametric test using t-test
for measuring the differences of mean basal estradiol levels between the groups with
melasmaand non-melasma. Data distribution evidenced normal by Shaporo-Wilk. The
relationship between MASI score and the basal estradiol levels analyzed by Pearson's
correlation.Significance obtained by p value less than 0.05.
Results: Forty-four subject met the inclusion criteria. Then equally divided into two groups,
melasma and non-melasma. From the characteristics of the subjects, the study found a
significant difference between the BMI and age(p <0.05). These foundings are explaining
other etiopathologyof melasma other than estrogen. These explain others etiopathology of
melasma, beyond the role of basal estradiol levels. Mean value of basal estradiol levels on
melasma group (76.705 pg) was higher than on non-melasma group (70.714 pg). Eventhough,
this difference was not statistically significant. There is a weak positive correlation between
basal estradiol levels and MASI scores, although insignificant on statistical results (p =
0.0799 and r = 0.063).
Conclusions: The hypothesis about the role of basal estradiol levels did not prove to be
significant in the etiopathogenesisof melasma. Other factors have a predictable influence on
the occurrence of melasma (BMIand age)
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