| Summary: | Regarding to publication of BNPB Head Regulation No.2 Year 2012 about General Guideline on Disaster Risk Assessment, all districts/cities in Indonesia are obligated to conduct a disaster risk assessment. In the perspective of the approach used, disaster risk assessment model so far has two options: technocratic and democratic (community-based) approaches. In recent planning realm, there is an emergence of used collaborative approach which, in several aspects, seeks to mediate between technocratic and democratic approaches. This research aims to apply collaborative approach to disaster risk assessment model in order to contribute thoughts about precise and accurate disaster risk assessment model. The application that will be formulated include stages, substance, method, and actors involved in disaster risk assessment process.
The model that will be formulated is a conceptual-symbolic model, namely a model that represent of the real world through a concept and described in the form of symbols. Such model will be based on existing model which has been established in BNPB Head Regulation No.2 Year 2012. The existing model is then modified into a proposed model using modeling assumptions that are acquired through the process of theoretical and best practice review about collaborative approach. Proposed models are then tested twice through Focus Group Discussion (FGD), which involves disaster risk assessment related experts.
Based on such research methods, it was found that the stages for a collaborative disaster risk assessment model are realized into 17 stages, consisting of 11 stages that have been established on existing model and 6 additional stages. Substantially, the use of a collaborative approach requires the realization of the collaboration between scientific knowledge and local knowledge as well as collaboration between subjectivity and objectivity. In the method, the application of collaborative approach produces three types of methods that are spread throughout the entire stages, namely the scientific method, community based method, and collaborative method. While in the actor, collaborative approach requires the collaboration between experts, community, and stakeholders (who are represented by the Disaster Risk Reduction Forum) in disaster risk assessment process.
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