| Summary: | The Earthworms are one of the invertebrate species which hasn�t
backbone. The earthworm has more utilized. This Utilized were applicable to
degradation of rubbish, Meal of Poultry, matter of medicine, and as a matter of
cosmetics. The Earthworm has lived in a few habitats, for example in the humid
of forest ground with the high density of cover canopy. Field of Biology UGM is
an artificial forest and has a high density of cover canopy and this condition can
supported the living habitat of earthworms. The aim of this research were
investigated species diversity of earthworm and investigated genetics variation of
earthworm in the field of Biology UGM. The eartworms identification base on
morphological identification and molecular characterization. Sampling method
was carried out with purposive random sampling method. The books of
identification were used the earthworm book (Minnich, 1977), Biology of
Earthworms (Edwards & Lofty, 1977), dan The Fauna of British India
(Stephenson, 1923). Molecular characterization was used RAPD-PCR (Random
Amplified Polimorphic DNA- Polymerase Chain Reaction).
Result obtained that the earthworms in the field Biology of UGM consist
of three species. The Three species were Pheretima hawayana, Pheretima sp., and
Eudrilus eugeniae. Data analysis was used UPGMA method by 3.1 MVSP
Program and obtained that generally, similarity percentation of P. hawayana,
Pheretima sp., dan E. eugeniae interspecies more than 55 %. Whereas Similarity
Percentation of P. hawayana and Pheretima sp more than 85 %. The highest
value of Genetic variation of eartworms based on polymorphic percentation was
Pheretima sp with the value is 80 %, and then overtaken by P. hawayana species
with the polymorphic value is 78.57 %, and the last, E. eugeniae with the
polymorphic value is 73.68 %. A species of earthworms in the field of Biology
UGM has a certain character, and had intra-species variation due to sexual
recombination.
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