| Summary: | Background : Based on the most disease pattern of internal medicine
outpatients at Dr. Sardjito Central General Hospital, DM disease was occupied in
the first ranks. Basically, DM disease could not be cured, but it could be
controlled in term of reducing the effect of complications. One of the methods to
reduce the effect of complications is by planning the proper dietary pattern. Some
studies revealed the poor in planning the dietary pattern such as the high intake
of fat, saturated fat, sodium and carbonated beverages, which might cause
decline in kidney function.
Objective : To determine the relationship of dietary pattern, the intake of energy,
protein, fat, carbohydrates, and the consumption of soft drinks with decline in
kidney functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients in Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta.
Method : This observational study using cross-sectional design. The research
was conducted with the primary data (data of patient�s characteristics,
anthropometry, 24-hours of food recall�s data for two consecutive days in dissuccession
and food frequency�s data) and secondary data (laboratory test
results by using the level of creatinine). The patient's dietary pattern such as the
intake of energy, protein, fats, and carbohydrates as well as the consumption of
soft drinks is obtained from the results of 24-hours food recall and food frequency
(FFQ). The decline in kidney function�s data is obtained using the MDRD formula
that requires the data of age, sex, race, and serum creatinine levels. The analysis
tests were used to determine the relationship between dietary pattern (intake of
energy, protein, fat and soft drinks) and decline in kidney function are Chi-square
test, Somers�d test and logistic regression.
Results : There is a relationship between intake of energy, protein, and
carbohydrate with decline in kidney function (p < 0,05). However, there is no
relationship between intake of fat and soda consumption with decline in kidney
function (p > 0,05). There is a relationship between age and decline in kidney
function (p = 0,021) and duration of diabetes disease and decline in kidney
function (p = 0,040). Last, there is no relationship between obesity and decline in
kidney function (p > 0,05).
Conclusion : There is a significant relationship between intake of energy, protein
and carbohydrate with decline in kidney function in the type 2 of diabetes�
outpatients in Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta.
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