| Summary: | Ethanol, which is also known as ethyl alcohol, is the most widely used
alcohol in daily life. Ethanol is mostly used as a solvent for chemical. In the
history for its usage, ethanol has long been used as fuel. Opportunities for
development of ethanol in Indonesia is quite large, considering that ethanol usage
as fuel for vehicles has increased lately.
The ethanol from dried cassava plant is planned to operate 330 days/year
and 24 hours/day with capacity 50,000 ton/year. The product obtained is ethanol
with 99.5% purity. This plant will be built in Pacitan, East Java, because the
place of the main raw material, which is dried cassava (gaplek), is located near
there.
Ethanol is made by hydrolyzing dried cassava with alpha amylase enzyme
for two hours in the first reactor to form oligosaccharide. Oligosaccharide
formed is then hydrolyzed further with gluco amylase enzyme to form glucose for
15 hours in the second reactor. Glucose obtained in this hydrolysis is fermented
with Saccharomyces cerevicae for 24 hours to obtain ethanol. The fermentation
product that contained a plenty of water and another substrate then purified using
distillation process to obtain 65% purity then purified further using pervaporation
membrane to obtain ethanol with 99.5% purity.
The plant is built in 6.9 acres area and employs 355 employees. This plant
requires 22,250 kg/hour dried cassava as the raw material. This plant demands
39,197.6572 kg/hour steam, 58,241.0867 kg/hour water, and 5,858.18 kVA
electricity from generator.
From calculation of economic evaluation results, fixed capital required is
$35,680,127.76 + Rp 182,276,551,548.61 and working capital required is
$9,847,935.26 + Rp 45,551,024,045.14. At 100% production rate, obtained ROI
before tax of 33.09%, ROI after tax of 16.54%, POT before tax of 2.32 years, POT
after tax of 3.77 years, with BEP at 41.58%, SDP at 19.01%, and 18.91% for
DCFRR. Based on consideration of the economic evaluation results, this ethanol
plant with capacity 50000 ton/year is worth to be studied further.
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