| Summary: | In electrical system, optimal operation issue becomes important as the load
increasing and the more expensive and limited of sources of primary energy.
Efforts to optimize the transmission of power to the load becomes increasingly
important, both related to computation of the fuel cost minimization of the
existing plants, as well as optimization by minimizing the active power losses in
transmission line while maintaining the quality of the system voltage. The second
part focused in this study is Optimal Power Flow (OPF).
OPF analysis development has experienced a very long journey today and
it becomes a successful algorithm for application use, since it was first introduced
in 1962. Various methods have been developed to date, ranging from the classical
OPF algorithms such as Newton's method, Gradient method, and Linear
Programming, nor with the latest algorithms such as Interior Point method,
Genetic Algorithm (GA), or Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The latter
method has been used in this study of OPF.
When all control variables are utilized in the cost minimization (such as is
reasonable when the contingency constraints are included), minimization of power
losses will not yield further improvements. However, when the cost minimization
is performed only involves the active power generation as a control variable, then
loss minimization computation using a different set of control variables can be
useful in obtaining a better voltage profile and lower current flow along the lines.
One method that can be used in the power loss minimization and improving the
voltage profile while meeting the electrical system operating limits is Optimal
Reactive Power Dispatch (ORPD).
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