| Summary: | Deltamethrin is a synthetic broad-spectrum insecticide pyretroid, which
is used as a organochlorine and organophospat substitute in pest control programs
in poultry, cattle, pigs, and dogs, has had a knock-down effect on the target
organism and the low bioaccumulation in the environment. Purpose of this study
to determine the effects of deltamethrin exposure on the Broiler�s liver
histopathological feature, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate
aminotransferase (AST) enzyme activity, and food conversion ratio (FCR). Fourty
DOC Broilers strain New Loghman divided into four group of ten and they were
adapted for 5 days prior the treatment. Group I as a control group, group II were
given 20 mg/L deltamethrin, group III were given 10 mg/L deltamethrin and
exposure deltamethrin concentration 10 mg/L and group IV were given 5 mg/L
delthametrin. Deltamethrin was mixed with drinking water and then given to the
treatment group for 30 days. Blood samples were taken on day 0, day 15 and day
30 of treatment to determination of ALT and AST enzyme activity. Body weight
were recorded once a week for 5 weeks. Feed weighed every day up to 30 days to
measure FCR. On day 35, all animal were sacrificed, liver were taken out and
fixed in 10% buffer formalin for microscopic examination. Results of the study
showed that exposure to 20 mg/L and 10 mg/L deltamethrin for 30 days resulted
in the histopathological changes of the liver, such as, fatty degeneration, necrosis
and inflammation of the liver. Results of the AST enzyme activity showed that
exposure 20 mg/L deltamethrin, but not 10 mg/L and 5 mg/L deltamethrin, for
30 days significantly increased in the activity of AST enzymes (P<0.05) compared
to the control group. However, deltamethrin with increasing concentration could
not increase the activity of ALT compared with control group (P>0.05). Exposure
to 20 mg/L deltamethrin significantly decreased body weight compared to the
group given 10 mg /L and 5 mg /L of deltamethrin, with FCR revolves
approximately 1.75-1.87. To conclude, deltamethrin within dose of 20 mg/L and
10 mg/L resulted in fatty liver degeneration, necrosis and inflammation. The
activity of AST enzymes supported the above histopathological changes.
Keywords: pyretroid, deltamethrin, AST, ALT, liver histopathology, broiler
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