| Gaia: | Multidrug-resistant S. pneumoniae isolates in HIV infected patients were studied
to determine their allelic profile. Samples were collected from the nasopharyngeal
tract of HIV infected children and adults. Nasopharyngeal swabs were then
cultured on blood agar medium and series of biochemical, microbiological, and
molecular tests were performed to identify S. pneumoniae. Results showed that
serotypes 19F, 6A/B, and 19A were predominant in children, while serotypes
6A/B, 19F, and 11A were predominant in adults. Antibiotic susceptibility test
using disk diffusion method revealed that all isolates were sensitive to
amoxicillin and cefotaxime, but some of them were resistant to cefixime and
sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Fourteen multidrug-resistant isolates were
subsequently assessed using multilocus sequence typing and 7 allelic profiles
were identified. Most prevalent allelic profiles were ST320 and ST271. Similar
resistance pattern to clindamycin and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim was found
in group ST320. Multidrug-Resistant isolates which were nonsusceptible to the
same antibiotics shared the same allelic profile, or were at least different at only
one single locus. Phylogenetic tree construction of multidrug-resistant isolates
based on concatenated sequences of housekeeping genes showed that isolates
grouped according to their allelic profiles. It can be concluded that there was a
congruence between allelic profiles and clade groups in the phylogenetic tree.
Moreover, similar resistance pattern to clindamycin and sulphamethoxazoletrimethoprim
found in group ST320 can give suggestions for more appropriate
antibiotic treatment in the future.
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