| Summary: | The objective of this research is to point out types of illumination in Malay
manuscripts stored in PNRI, to point out the connection between manuscript
illumination and its author or scribe, and to point out the motifs on manuscript
illumination using codicology. Furthermore, this research is conducted to identify the
significance of motifs in Malay manuscripts illumination written by Muhammad
Bakir with regard to the texts and society at the time of making. This significance is
analysed using Umberto Eco�s semiotics. This research also has the objective of
pointing out the tradition of manuscript visualisation in the form of types of
illumination in Malay manuscript as society�s creativity in the past.
This research applies the theories of philology and semiotics. The theory of
philology is used to identify narrative aspects and its illumination. Meanwhile, the
theory of semiotics is used to reveal the significance of motifs in Malay manuscript
illumination written by Muhammad Bakir with regard to the texts and other
contextual things.
The result of the analysis shows that there are various styles and motifs in
Malay manuscript illumination stored in PNRI. The diversity of motifs in Malay
manuscript illumination indicates that Malay society in the past had self-effort
approach to the Creator and the universe. The research also shows that most of the
illuminated Malay manuscripts stored in PNRI are anonymous. Based on the
domination of manuscripts which have complete information about manuscript, the
manuscripts illumination written by Muhammad Bakir is used to identify the
existence of significance of motifs in the illumination.
Based on semiotical analysis, it can be inferred that the motifs in manuscript
illumination written by Muhammad Bakir originate from the developing values inside
Malay-Betawi society and Muhammad Bakir�s experience as a writer and a person
who rented manuscripts. Some of the motifs seen in manuscript illumination written
by Muhammad Bakir become the local wisdom for Betawi society until now. In other
words, there is continuity between the manuscript in one period and the life of society
afterward.
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