| Summary: | Objectives :
1. To make a gravestone ornamental inventory data at Peneleh Dutch Cemetery.
2. To explain gravestone material, formal, and ornamental aspects at Peneleh Dutch
Cemetery.
3. To explain gravestone ornamental meaning at Peneleh Dutch Cemetery.
Method :
This research using inductive-reasoning and two types of analysis, formal and
ornamental. Those analysis are prior to understand gravestone ornamental meaning and
gravestone formal variation.
Conclusion :
There are several gravestone variant at Peneleh Dutch Cemetery Surabaya.
Gravestone variation appeared in some aspects such as formal, material, and ornamental.
First, there are two basic shapes of gravestone, the board-shape gravestone, and the
monument-shape gravestone as the result of formal classification.
Second, there are three kind of materials such as marble, metal, and cemented-brick
used in the gravestone as the result of material classification. And third, there are nine types
of ornamental gravestone as the result of ornamental classification. Flora, fauna, angel,
Christianity-symbol, medalion, star, inscription, architecture, and other kinds of
ornamentation are gravestone ornament found at Peneleh as the result of ornamental
classification. Each of the gravestone ornaments represent symbol which has specific
meaning regarding funeral context. Mourning expression, love and hope expression for the
dead from their family and friend are some of gravestone ornament meaning. Also there are
some symbols which has meaning as appreciation and honoration for the dead, symbols of
the dead identity, and Christianity symbols as the dead�s religion.
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