KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA MINYAK NYAMPLUNG DAN ETANOL DENGAN KATALIS TIN (II) KLORID
Declining of petroleum supply causing energy crisis enforce human to create alternative energy source. One of the alternative energy is biodiesel. The main constrain in producing biodiesel is high cost feedstock because of raw material still come from food grade oil , so that low cost feedstock oils...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Published: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
2014
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| Subjects: |
| _version_ | 1826047858524028928 |
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| author | , Sulthoni Mukhlis K , Prof. Ir. Arief Budiman, M.S., D.Eng. |
| author_facet | , Sulthoni Mukhlis K , Prof. Ir. Arief Budiman, M.S., D.Eng. |
| author_sort | , Sulthoni Mukhlis K |
| collection | UGM |
| description | Declining of petroleum supply causing energy crisis enforce human to
create alternative energy source. One of the alternative energy is biodiesel. The
main constrain in producing biodiesel is high cost feedstock because of raw
material still come from food grade oil , so that low cost feedstock oils are used.
One of them is nyamplung oil. But nyamplung oil still contains high free fatty
acid up to 20% of oil weight so it required esterification treatment use acid
catalyst. Homogenous acid catalyst such as H2SO4 and HCl appear with some
technical, economical and environmental problem. To overcome those problems
catlyst tin (II) chloride is used.
In this research was used tin (II) chloride as catalyst in esterification
reaction FFA of nyamplung oil and etanol. Esterification reaction in various
temperatures was conducted in batch reactor use neck flask equipped with heater,
stirrer and cooling reflux. Sample as 3 ml was taken in certain time interval to
obtain the conversion data of its interval and was used to study the reaction
kinetic. In this research it was also studied the effect of reactant mol ratio (1:30-
1:120) and catalyst loading (2,5-15% FFA weight).
Esterification reaction kinetic FFA of nyamplung oil and etanol was
approximated by first and second order pseudo homogenous reaction model. Both
model proposed exhibit suitability to the experiment data. From the mathematic
calculation it was obtain the activation energy as 34,7280 kJ/mol and coeficient of
collision frequency as 939 minute
-1
for pseudo homogenous first order and
activation energy as 34,814 kJ/mol and coeficient of collision frequency as 80,58
L/mol.menit for pseudo homogenous second order. The maximum conversion as
0,645 was obtain at the reaction time of 240 minute, reaction temperature of 68
o
C,
percentage catalyst of 10% FFA weight and FFA to etanol molar ratio of 1:60. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T23:17:47Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:generic.eprints.org:127607 |
| institution | Universiti Gadjah Mada |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T23:17:47Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | [Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:generic.eprints.org:1276072016-03-04T08:14:27Z https://repository.ugm.ac.id/127607/ KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA MINYAK NYAMPLUNG DAN ETANOL DENGAN KATALIS TIN (II) KLORID , Sulthoni Mukhlis K , Prof. Ir. Arief Budiman, M.S., D.Eng. ETD Declining of petroleum supply causing energy crisis enforce human to create alternative energy source. One of the alternative energy is biodiesel. The main constrain in producing biodiesel is high cost feedstock because of raw material still come from food grade oil , so that low cost feedstock oils are used. One of them is nyamplung oil. But nyamplung oil still contains high free fatty acid up to 20% of oil weight so it required esterification treatment use acid catalyst. Homogenous acid catalyst such as H2SO4 and HCl appear with some technical, economical and environmental problem. To overcome those problems catlyst tin (II) chloride is used. In this research was used tin (II) chloride as catalyst in esterification reaction FFA of nyamplung oil and etanol. Esterification reaction in various temperatures was conducted in batch reactor use neck flask equipped with heater, stirrer and cooling reflux. Sample as 3 ml was taken in certain time interval to obtain the conversion data of its interval and was used to study the reaction kinetic. In this research it was also studied the effect of reactant mol ratio (1:30- 1:120) and catalyst loading (2,5-15% FFA weight). Esterification reaction kinetic FFA of nyamplung oil and etanol was approximated by first and second order pseudo homogenous reaction model. Both model proposed exhibit suitability to the experiment data. From the mathematic calculation it was obtain the activation energy as 34,7280 kJ/mol and coeficient of collision frequency as 939 minute -1 for pseudo homogenous first order and activation energy as 34,814 kJ/mol and coeficient of collision frequency as 80,58 L/mol.menit for pseudo homogenous second order. The maximum conversion as 0,645 was obtain at the reaction time of 240 minute, reaction temperature of 68 o C, percentage catalyst of 10% FFA weight and FFA to etanol molar ratio of 1:60. [Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada 2014 Thesis NonPeerReviewed , Sulthoni Mukhlis K and , Prof. Ir. Arief Budiman, M.S., D.Eng. (2014) KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA MINYAK NYAMPLUNG DAN ETANOL DENGAN KATALIS TIN (II) KLORID. UNSPECIFIED thesis, UNSPECIFIED. http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=67870 |
| spellingShingle | ETD , Sulthoni Mukhlis K , Prof. Ir. Arief Budiman, M.S., D.Eng. KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA MINYAK NYAMPLUNG DAN ETANOL DENGAN KATALIS TIN (II) KLORID |
| title | KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA MINYAK NYAMPLUNG DAN ETANOL DENGAN
KATALIS TIN (II) KLORID |
| title_full | KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA MINYAK NYAMPLUNG DAN ETANOL DENGAN
KATALIS TIN (II) KLORID |
| title_fullStr | KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA MINYAK NYAMPLUNG DAN ETANOL DENGAN
KATALIS TIN (II) KLORID |
| title_full_unstemmed | KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA MINYAK NYAMPLUNG DAN ETANOL DENGAN
KATALIS TIN (II) KLORID |
| title_short | KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA MINYAK NYAMPLUNG DAN ETANOL DENGAN
KATALIS TIN (II) KLORID |
| title_sort | kinetika reaksi esterifikasi asam lemak bebas pada minyak nyamplung dan etanol dengan katalis tin ii klorid |
| topic | ETD |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sulthonimukhlisk kinetikareaksiesterifikasiasamlemakbebaspadaminyaknyamplungdanetanoldengankatalistiniiklorid AT profirariefbudimanmsdeng kinetikareaksiesterifikasiasamlemakbebaspadaminyaknyamplungdanetanoldengankatalistiniiklorid |