| Summary: | An ideal seed orchard produces high quality seeds from mother trees characterized
by synchronous fertility, flowering synchrony, random mating, and panmictic pollen
flow within seed orchard. In order to obtain the genetic gain from seed orchard, genetic
aspects research on seed orchard is required to know fertility variation, mating system
and pollen flow pattern of mother trees, and controlled pollination results of cajuput
seed orchard. This information is essential as main consideration to optimize seed
orchard performance.
The research was carried out in cajuput seed orchard at Paliyan, Gunungkidul, in
order to know fertility variation, mating system and pollen flow pattern of mother trees.
Fertility variables were observed for two periods of flowering and fruiting. Mating
system was observed on ten selected mother trees based on mixed mating model. Pollen
flow pattern was examined on 240 offsprings of the ten selected mother trees using
exclusion method for all male parent candidates in seed orchard. Eight microsatellite
primers was applied for mating system and pollen flow pattern analysis, and carried out
in Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree
Improvement, Yogyakarta. The research was also done in full-sib progeny test
plantation resulted from controlled pollination of selected plus trees in cajuput seed
orchard at Paliyan, in order to evaluate general combining ability, specific combining
ability, and gene action in controlling of cajuput characters.
Fertility evaluation resulted good performance of seed orchard, indicated by 70-
89% of flowering synchrony, and sibling coefficient of 1.39 and 1.25 in 2010 and 2011
observation, respectively. Although uneven fertility was found, it could be covered by
abundance of fruiting trees. The flowering synchrony supported panmictic pollen flow
with average pollen range of 43 m and mainly outcrosses mating system (tm=0.95
|
|---|