| Summary: | Gay identity tends to be categorized as a social deviance in Manado
community. However, the assumption is not based gay reflections and experiences
which formed their sexual orientation as a gay. Therefore, this research was
conducted to assess and understand the dynamics formation of gay identity in
Manado based on subjective experiences of gays.
This research used qualitative research methods with a phenomenological
approach. This research conducted for 6 (six) months in Manado, with involved
14 (fourteen) gays.
This research found that sexual orientation of gay formed based on
internally and externally factors. Internally, sexual orientation of gay was formed
in a family environment caused by internalization of values during socialization
processes and identification of childhood which tend to be not in accordance with
their sexual roles and sexual status. Whether, occured in adolescence with a peer
group that caused by emotional ties arises from gay sexual experimentation,
intensity of relationships with women affected their thought and selfidentification,
then the treatment by peer group does not appropriate with their
sexual status.
Externally, sexual orientation of gay was formed from sexual excitement
derived from the experience of sexual abuse or sodomy when childhood or
adolescence by adult men. In addition, sexual orientation of gay can also be
formed through the intensity of the communication or conversation (chat) with
fellow gay on gay sexual relationships through social networking.
Furthermore, the dynamics formation of gay sexual identity could not be
separated from the practice of negotiation. Lack of social acceptance encourage
gay to be able to negotiate their sexual identity. In the family environments,
having a gay identity as a form of failure responsibility as children that led to
guilty feeling. In the community, social construction and social values based on
the dogma of any religions has formed gay identity in a negative stigma. Then,
negotiation practices encourage the formation of gay identity in positive subjects
wherein gay people are also capable of achievement, useful, and have contribution
to improving the public quality. Negotiation practices thaw rigidity from social
construction of heterosexual in the formed of gay identity be dynamically adjusted
to the level of acceptance within the family and community.
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