| Summary: | Bioethanol is the most widely used biofuel for transportation worldwide.
Production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials has advantages to reduce
both utilization of crude oil and air pollution. Lignocellulosic biomass is
promising feedstock by considering its great availability and its low cost.
Bioethanol can be produced from various lignocellulosic materials which have
high cellulose content. Wheat straw is one of lignocellulosic materials that has
approximately 40% dry weight cellulose content. In the present study, various
lignocellulosic substrates from wheat straw, i.e. solid fraction, liquid fraction,
both of solid and liquid fractions of pretreated wheat straw and Avicel were
examined in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) method for the
production of ethanol by fungi Monascus purpureus CBS 109.07 and Fusarium
venenatum ATCC 20334.
Both of fungi Monascus purpureus CBS 109.07 and Fusarium venenatum
ATCC 20334 were able to produce ethanol from the liquid and the solid fraction
of pretreated wheat straw. Monascus purpureus CBS 109.07 produced higher
ethanol yield than Fusarium venenatum ATCC 20334 from the liquid and the
solid fraction of pretreated wheat straw. Monascus purpureus CBS 109.07
produced the highest ethanol yield, i.e. 0.41 g/g glucose consumed from the liquid
fraction of pretreated wheat straw. The initial glucose content in the liquid
fraction of pretreated wheat straw was 4.69 g/L. Fusarium venenatum ATCC
20334 produced the highest ethanol yield, i.e. 0.54 g/g glucose consumed from
the liquid fraction of pretreated wheat straw. The initial glucose content in the
liquid fraction of pretreated wheat straw was 3.98 g/L.
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