| Summary: | Background: malaria infection could activate T cell helper 2 CD4+ which had a
function to release cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 was a kind of immunosuppressant
cytokines and prevented a cerebral tissue damage from the expression intercellular
adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) by TNF-α, ended with a cerebral malaria. Giving a
red fruit to an infected Plasmodium malaria patient could increase lymphocytes T cell
helper 2 CD4+. This was because the red fruit had beta-carotene active compounds,
tocopherol, and high ascorbic acid proved to have the ability as anti inflammation by
regulating M2 protein which activated NFAT. NFAT then regulated IL-10 which
impeded TNF-α production. The red fruit was proved as anti-occident but its effect to
reduce TNF-α and expression of ICAM-1 in cerebral tissue endothelial cell remained
unknown.
Research purpose: to know the effect of red fruit ethanol extract toward the change
of TNF-α secretion number and ICAM-1 in Swiss male mice�s cerebral endothelial
cell infected with P.berghei.
Research method: this research used quasi experiment design with post test only
control group design. Sixty Swiss male mice were divided in to 6 groups, group I was
not given the red fruit (BM) ethanol extract and not infected P.berghei, Group II was
given BM 260mg/kg BB but not infected P. berghei, group III, IV, V were given BM
130, 260, and 520 mg/kg respectively and infected with P. berghei. Red fruit extract
or carrier substance was given for 4 weeks, P.berghei was given in the early of third
week. TNF-α level check was done in third and ninth day after the injection, with
TNF-α ELISA kit mouse. ICAM-1 cerebral endotel cell expression check was done in
third and nine day with immunohistochemistry (IHC) coloring.
Result: TNF-α level in third day after infected to the groups given red fruit extract
(group III, IV, and V) showed no significant difference (p=0,839) compared to group
which was not given red fruit but infected (group VI). TNF-α level in ninth day after
infected to groups given red fruit ( group III,IV,V) lower (p<0,05) compared to
groups which was not given red fruit but infected. ICAM-1 expression in third and
ninth day after treatment to group given red fruit extract was lower (p<0,05)
compared to groups given red fruit extract but infected.
Conclusion: giving red fruit ethanol extract ( P conoideus Lam) could decrease TNF-
α level and ICAM-I expression in Swiss mice� endothelial cerebral cells after infected
by P.berghei.
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