| Summary: | This research uses Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Midah, Simanis Bergigi
Emas as the material object and Gramscian hegemony theory as the formal object.
The analysis answers three problems, i.e: reveal the ideological formations in
Toer�s Midah, Simanis Bergigi Emas, enlighten the counter-hegemony in Toer�s
Midah, Simanis Bergigi Emas, and describe the social context of Pramoedya
Ananta Toer as the author of the novel. Additionally, the method that used is
description analysis which describes the social facts that exist in Toer�s Midah,
Simanis Bergigi Emas. Then analyzes it with the perpective of Gramscian
hegemony theory.
Based on the analysis that already made, it is found eight ideologies in this
novel. There are feudalism, materialism, consumerism, theism, liberalism,
humanism, patriarchy, and feminism. Eight ideologies are arranged in ideology
formation related to each other. Feudalism supported by consumerism,
materialism, patriarchy, and theism. Meanwhile humanism allies with liberalism
and feminism where liberalism is very respect in human freedom as individual
creation, and humanism relates with carring other people included women's life
which reveals in feminism.
Feudalism contrasts with humanism due to feudalism supports the power
of authority and leadership from social group which reputed unequally with
feudalistic, while humanism criticizes that by seeking humanity matters and
equality between people.
The relation between these ideologies later classified into three social
group which having contradiction between elite class and the lower class, in artist
group, as well as men and women. Each social group is a form of civil society
which consist of practical hegemony and all that once as the form of oppugnancy
as counter hegemony.
This novel is inseparable from the social context of Pramoedya Ananta
Toer as a author. His views about feudalism, Islamic, and women are the
backgrounds of creating of this novel. Moreover, the novel becomes his form of
critical thingking about increasing humans�s value and women�s life in order to
become more independence then the better of social transformation will
materealized.
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