| Summary: | Basil is a plant that widely used as traditional medicine. The main
compound of basil is methyl cavicol and rosmarinic acid (phenolic compound)
that suggested posses antioxidant activity as reduction agent, hydrogen donor and
omission of singlet oxygen. The objective of this research was to evaluate
antioxidant activity of basil stem and leaves, compound groups that posses
antioxidant activity and the correlation between total phenolic content and total
flavonoid content and antioxidant activity.
The extraction was done in stages using chloroform and methanol.
Antioxidant activity was measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).
Total phenolic content was determined by Folin-ciocalteau reagent. The
measurement of total flavonoid content using AlCl3. The assay was carry out in
triplicate. The compound fractionation using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography
(VLC) and the plant extract profile was observed by Thin Layer Chromatography
(TLC).
The study revealed that leaves methanol extract had higgest antioxidant
activity among four extrcts evaluated (IC50 169,8 μg/mL). The higgest total
phenolic content and total flavonoid content were observed on leaves methanol
extract (111,75 mgGAE/g and 31,36 mgQE/g). The phenolic and flavonoid
compound had positive correlation to antioxidant activity (69 % and 63,8 %).
Methanol leaves extract before fractionation showed higger antioxidant activity
than fraction. This is showed by lower IC50 value. Based on compound
identification, it was suggested that phenolic compound posses contribution to the
antioxidant activity.
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