| Summary: | ABSTRAK
Background: Dandruff considers to be related to Malassezia sp. Neem-oil is known to have antimycotic activities. In 5% concentration, neem-oil has a potent anti-malassezia activity in vitro, so it might be useful in the treatment of dandruff. The aims of the study was to provide evidence on the potency of 5 % neem-oil shampoo for the treatment of moderate dandruff.
A review was carried out to analyze result of neem-oil's antimycotic activity, pharmacology and toxicology studies. There were 5 in vitro studies of neem antimycotic activity on plant pathogen-fungi, 3 in vitro studies on human pathogen-fungi and 1 preliminary study of neem-leaf extract shampoo. Two pharmacology and toxicology studies were analyzed as a reference of its safety.
It was revealed that 6-deacethylnimbin, nimbin, azadiradione, salannin, epoxy-azadiradione found in neem-oil and leaf extracts were the active antimycotic components. In vitro studies showed that neem-oil possesed anti-dermatophytes, anti-candida, and anti-malassezia activity. In concentration of 5%, neem-oil had a potent anti-malassezia activity in vitro. The pharmacology and toxicology studies reported that neem-oil is safe to be used topically. 2% neem shampoo had an equal effectiveness and adverse effect with 1 % ketoconazole shampoo in treating mild-moderate dandruff. It was concluded that a neem-oil had a potent anti-malassezia activity so it might be used for the treatment of moderate dandruff. We suggest to continue those studies in an RCT to determine the effectiveness of 5% neem-oil shampoo vs. 2% ketoconazole shampoo in treating moderate dandruff.
Keywords: dandruff, Malassezia sp., neem-oil shampoo, ^potency
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