| Summary: | ABSTRACT
In general, wetlands in Central Kalimantan, with their specific soil conditions, are developed only to a very limited extent. These soil conditions have a characteristic hydric environment (excess water) and aerobic conditions (highly sensitive to environmental changes). The hydrological conditions of the land are also characteristic of its soil conditions: permanently wet, relatively shallow surface water, a low level of water absorption, physical and chemical features which are very sensitive to hydrological changes.
A number of attempts have been made to meet the need for clean water for wetland transmigration settlements, particularly on the 1 million ha Wetland Development in Central Kalimantan. Besides providing communal wells and individual plastic containers, a number of attempts have been made to manage the shallow ground water and the surface water, and to drill ground water exploration bores in order to ascertain the potential of clean water sources and the possibility of developing these sources.
This study focuses on the measures which have been taken towards supplying clean water to wetland transmigration settlements, the results of these efforts, the opportunities and challenges faced in implementing these measures, and recommendations for each. In the short run, supplying plastic containers to catch rainwater proves highly beneficial. In the midterm, using tripikon wells and excavated wells is recommended. In the long term, the propects for develompent of groundwater wells are exellent.
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