| Summary: | ABSTRACTPoverty still becomes a national issue, and the number of the poor (in Java) that are quite large needs a special solution. One of the solution to the problem is the transmigration program which is related to horticulture development program and it is wrapped in Nucleous Estate Smallholder pattern (NES). NES program of sugar cane which is developed in Tanah Laut South Kalimantan not only includes self-motivated transmigrants from Java, but also includes local population as local transmigrants.This research on transmigration of NES sugar cane pattern is held on Sungai Riam, Pelaihari, Tanah Laut, South Kalimantan. As one of units of Transmigrant Settlement Unit, Sungai Riam fulfil the criteria of self- motivated transmigrants and local transmigrants. A numberof fifty of them are chosen as the samples. The data needed to be described or analyzed are collected through observation, interviews, and literary studies. The analysis on the collected data is done by using the qualitative analysis method. Besides, it also uses a life history approach to make the theory stronger. The conclusion are drawn by interpreting several categories.This research concludes: First, there is an improvement on farmers' income, and they belongs to nearly sufficient family. Second, sugar cane plantation is proved to be the main income for self-motivated transmigrants, but it is just secondary income for local transmigrants. Third, there is a difference in planting activities between two groups, where self-motivated transmigrants are relatively more active in the field than local transmigrants. Fourth, the period of pre-conversion is the most adventageous period to
the farmers. Fifth, the nucleous side does not apply open management, especially those related to farmers' credit. Sixth, there is a labour dependency from the nucleous side to farmers, where it reaches the highest point in cutting seasons. Seventh, a savety falve to prevent destructive conflicts is needed. Eighth, as a whole the income gained from integrated plantation does not reach the
expected target,
Key words: poverty alleviation � welfare making � contract fanning
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