| Summary: | East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) Province has the highest solar energy potential in Indonesia, but also it had the lowest electrification ratio in 2021. Solar Power Plants (SPP)
based on Floating Photovoltaic (FPV) can be used to meet
electricity needs in ENT while avoiding land use problems and various environmental issues related to Ground-mounted
Photovoltaic (GPV). In this paper, the performance, carbon
emission, and economics analysis of FPV in Sambinasi Village, ENT, were carried out to compare FPV and GPV with similar specifications. Due to the effect of natural cooling, for a 32.9 MWp photovoltaic system, FPV has 0.63 GWh/year higher energy production, 0.11% higher efficiency, 0.22% higher Capacity Factor (CF), and 0.99% higher Performance Ratio (PR) in comparison to GPV. Using the typical fossil-based power plant emission in Indonesia as the baseline, FPV has 511.61 – 565.06 tons CO2/year greater carbon emission reduction than GPV. Regarding its economic feasibility, FPV has IDR 47,018,294,731 smaller Net Present Value (NPV), 7 months slower Payback Period (PP), 0.1 smaller Profitability Index (PI), and 1.18% smaller Internal Rate of Return (IRR).
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