Microwave-assisted green synthesis of nitrobenzene using sulfated natural zeolite as a potential solid acid catalyst
Natural zeolite and sulfated natural zeolite catalyst materials have been successfully prepared, characterized, and applied as a replacement for the role of a sulfuric acid catalyst in the synthesis of nitrobenzene. Natural zeolites were prepared into uniform-sized powders and then refluxed with H2S...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
2023
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://repository.ugm.ac.id/285870/1/Microwave%E2%80%91assisted%20green%20synthesis%20of%20nitrobenzene%20using%20sulfated%20natural%20zeolite.pdf |
| _version_ | 1826050843681488896 |
|---|---|
| author | Saviola, Aldino Javier Wijaya, Karna Saputri, Wahyu Dita Hauli, Latifah Amin, Amalia Kurnia Ismail, Hilda Budhijanto, Budhijanto Oh, Won Chun Wangsa, Wangsa Prastyo, Prastyo |
| author_facet | Saviola, Aldino Javier Wijaya, Karna Saputri, Wahyu Dita Hauli, Latifah Amin, Amalia Kurnia Ismail, Hilda Budhijanto, Budhijanto Oh, Won Chun Wangsa, Wangsa Prastyo, Prastyo |
| author_sort | Saviola, Aldino Javier |
| collection | UGM |
| description | Natural zeolite and sulfated natural zeolite catalyst materials have been successfully prepared, characterized, and applied as a replacement for the role of a sulfuric acid catalyst in the synthesis of nitrobenzene. Natural zeolites were prepared into uniform-sized powders and then refluxed with H2SO4 with varying concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 M, proceeded by calcination with N2 gas flow (labeled as NZ, SNZ-1, SNZ-2, SNZ-3, and SNZ-4). Nitrobenzene was synthesized in a batch microwave reactor using natural zeolite and sulfated natural zeolite catalysts with the best acidity value. The results showed that the sulfuric acid treatment of natural zeolite caused changes in its physical and chemical characteristics. The NZ catalyst has an acidity value of 1.742 mmol g�1, and the 2 M concentration variation resulted in the sulfated natural zeolite with the best acidity value of 1.625 mmol g�1. The optimal amount of catalyst required is 1.0 g. Both catalysts are selective toward the nitration reaction of benzene. The average benzene conversion produced for each catalyst was 41.53 ± 3.61% and 58.92 ± 1.37%. Furthermore, the SNZ-2 catalyst has better reusability for three reaction runs. Graphical abstract: Figure not available: see fulltext. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-14T00:11:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:generic.eprints.org:285870 |
| institution | Universiti Gadjah Mada |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-14T00:11:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:generic.eprints.org:2858702024-03-04T08:13:12Z https://repository.ugm.ac.id/285870/ Microwave-assisted green synthesis of nitrobenzene using sulfated natural zeolite as a potential solid acid catalyst Saviola, Aldino Javier Wijaya, Karna Saputri, Wahyu Dita Hauli, Latifah Amin, Amalia Kurnia Ismail, Hilda Budhijanto, Budhijanto Oh, Won Chun Wangsa, Wangsa Prastyo, Prastyo Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified Natural zeolite and sulfated natural zeolite catalyst materials have been successfully prepared, characterized, and applied as a replacement for the role of a sulfuric acid catalyst in the synthesis of nitrobenzene. Natural zeolites were prepared into uniform-sized powders and then refluxed with H2SO4 with varying concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 M, proceeded by calcination with N2 gas flow (labeled as NZ, SNZ-1, SNZ-2, SNZ-3, and SNZ-4). Nitrobenzene was synthesized in a batch microwave reactor using natural zeolite and sulfated natural zeolite catalysts with the best acidity value. The results showed that the sulfuric acid treatment of natural zeolite caused changes in its physical and chemical characteristics. The NZ catalyst has an acidity value of 1.742 mmol g�1, and the 2 M concentration variation resulted in the sulfated natural zeolite with the best acidity value of 1.625 mmol g�1. The optimal amount of catalyst required is 1.0 g. Both catalysts are selective toward the nitration reaction of benzene. The average benzene conversion produced for each catalyst was 41.53 ± 3.61% and 58.92 ± 1.37%. Furthermore, the SNZ-2 catalyst has better reusability for three reaction runs. Graphical abstract: Figure not available: see fulltext. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH 2023 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en https://repository.ugm.ac.id/285870/1/Microwave%E2%80%91assisted%20green%20synthesis%20of%20nitrobenzene%20using%20sulfated%20natural%20zeolite.pdf Saviola, Aldino Javier and Wijaya, Karna and Saputri, Wahyu Dita and Hauli, Latifah and Amin, Amalia Kurnia and Ismail, Hilda and Budhijanto, Budhijanto and Oh, Won Chun and Wangsa, Wangsa and Prastyo, Prastyo (2023) Microwave-assisted green synthesis of nitrobenzene using sulfated natural zeolite as a potential solid acid catalyst. Applied Nanoscience (Switzerland), 13 (9). pp. 6575-6589. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13204-023-02941-z 10.1007/s13204-023-02941-z |
| spellingShingle | Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified Saviola, Aldino Javier Wijaya, Karna Saputri, Wahyu Dita Hauli, Latifah Amin, Amalia Kurnia Ismail, Hilda Budhijanto, Budhijanto Oh, Won Chun Wangsa, Wangsa Prastyo, Prastyo Microwave-assisted green synthesis of nitrobenzene using sulfated natural zeolite as a potential solid acid catalyst |
| title | Microwave-assisted green synthesis of nitrobenzene using sulfated natural zeolite as a potential solid acid catalyst |
| title_full | Microwave-assisted green synthesis of nitrobenzene using sulfated natural zeolite as a potential solid acid catalyst |
| title_fullStr | Microwave-assisted green synthesis of nitrobenzene using sulfated natural zeolite as a potential solid acid catalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microwave-assisted green synthesis of nitrobenzene using sulfated natural zeolite as a potential solid acid catalyst |
| title_short | Microwave-assisted green synthesis of nitrobenzene using sulfated natural zeolite as a potential solid acid catalyst |
| title_sort | microwave assisted green synthesis of nitrobenzene using sulfated natural zeolite as a potential solid acid catalyst |
| topic | Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified |
| url | https://repository.ugm.ac.id/285870/1/Microwave%E2%80%91assisted%20green%20synthesis%20of%20nitrobenzene%20using%20sulfated%20natural%20zeolite.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT saviolaaldinojavier microwaveassistedgreensynthesisofnitrobenzeneusingsulfatednaturalzeoliteasapotentialsolidacidcatalyst AT wijayakarna microwaveassistedgreensynthesisofnitrobenzeneusingsulfatednaturalzeoliteasapotentialsolidacidcatalyst AT saputriwahyudita microwaveassistedgreensynthesisofnitrobenzeneusingsulfatednaturalzeoliteasapotentialsolidacidcatalyst AT haulilatifah microwaveassistedgreensynthesisofnitrobenzeneusingsulfatednaturalzeoliteasapotentialsolidacidcatalyst AT aminamaliakurnia microwaveassistedgreensynthesisofnitrobenzeneusingsulfatednaturalzeoliteasapotentialsolidacidcatalyst AT ismailhilda microwaveassistedgreensynthesisofnitrobenzeneusingsulfatednaturalzeoliteasapotentialsolidacidcatalyst AT budhijantobudhijanto microwaveassistedgreensynthesisofnitrobenzeneusingsulfatednaturalzeoliteasapotentialsolidacidcatalyst AT ohwonchun microwaveassistedgreensynthesisofnitrobenzeneusingsulfatednaturalzeoliteasapotentialsolidacidcatalyst AT wangsawangsa microwaveassistedgreensynthesisofnitrobenzeneusingsulfatednaturalzeoliteasapotentialsolidacidcatalyst AT prastyoprastyo microwaveassistedgreensynthesisofnitrobenzeneusingsulfatednaturalzeoliteasapotentialsolidacidcatalyst |