| Summary: | Problem statement: Many species of plants in Malaysia are widely used in folk medicine.
However, Calophyllum species have been used in traditional medicine for their therapeutic values
for many years. Several studies reported that antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-HIV and anti-cancer
compounds were isolated from numerous Calophyllum species. Approach: The stem bark was
extracted by EtOH, after with it was fractionated with n-Hexane, Dichloromethane (DCM) and MeOH
by using vacuum liquid chromatography apparatus. Phytochemical contents were examined to evaluate
the phinolic, flavonoid and flavonol contents. Also the antimicrobial activity was carried out by using
disc diffusion and dilution method to evaluate antimicrobial activity of the crude and the fractions
respectively. Six references microbial strains of human pathogens were used for examined the anti
microbial activity. The two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus) and two
Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) were used for antibacterial test. Also two
fungal strains (Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans) were used for antifungal test.
Results: Although the C. rubiginosum has phytochemicals as all plants, but it was showed a high
content of flavonol in the range of 11.9- 15.2 μg mL−1. The C. rubiginosum fractions were showed no
activity against gram negative and fungus. However, the non polar and semi polar fractions were
showed a result MIC 12.5 μg mL−1 against B.cereus bacteria. While the MeOH fraction indicated for
low or no activity against bacteria and fungus. Conclusion: At last, the optimistic result of this study
encourage us to go forward for further studies in the future to isolate the active compound of the stem bark
of C. rubiginosum, where it could lead to a new antibiotic, whereas this species never investigated before.
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